Ch. 7.6 Nervous System Key Terms
contains the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, which work together to control involuntary body functions.
autonomic nervous system
the largest and highest section of the brain.
cerebrum
the section located below the cerebrum at the top of the brainstem. It is responsible for conducting impulses between brain parts and for certain eye and auditory reflexes.
midbrain
consists of the nerves and has two divisions: the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system
peripheral nervous system
are filled with a clear, colorless fluid called cerebrospinal fluid
ventricles
The brain has four ventricles, hollow spaces that connect with each other and with the space under the arachnoid membrane
brain
the section located between the cerebrum and midbrain. It contains two structures: the thalamus and hypothalamus.
diencephalon
a combination of many nerve fibers located outside the brain and spinal cord.
nerves
the section located below the midbrain and in the brainstem.
pons
responsible for many reflex actions and for carrying sensory (afferent) messages up to the brain and motor (efferent) messages from the brain to the nerves that go to the muscles and glands
spinal cord
he peripheral nervous system (Figure 7-32). The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord
central nervous system
regulates and controls the autonomic nervous system, temperature, appetite, water balance, sleep, and blood vessel constriction and dilation. also involved in emotions such as anger, fear, pleasure, pain, and affection.
hypothalamus
a complex, highly organized system that coordinates all the activities of the body. This system enables the body to respond and adapt to changes that occur both inside and outside the body.
nervous system
consists of 12 pairs of cranial nerves and their branches, and 31 pairs of spinal nerves and their branches.
somatic nervous system
the section below the back of the cerebrum. It is responsible for muscle coordination, balance, posture, and muscle tone.
cerebellum
he lowest part of the brainstem. It connects with the spinal cord and is responsible for regulating heartbeat, respiration, swallowing, coughing, and blood pressure.
medulla oblongata
The basic structural unit of the nervous system
neuron
nervous system prepares the body to act by increasing heart rate, respiration,ase! and blood pressure, and by slowing activity in the digestive tract. This is known as the fight or flight response.
sympathetic
The ventricles are filled with a clear, colorless fluid called cerebrospinal fluid. This fluid circulates continually between the ventricles and through the subarachnoid space
cerebrospinal fluid
three membranes that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord.
meninges
counteracts the actions of the sympathetic system by slowing heart rate, decreasing t respiration, lowering blood pressure, and increasing activity in the digestive tracts
parasympathetic
acts as a relay center and directs sensory impulses to the cerebrum.
thalamus