Ch. 7.9 & 7.10 - Lymphatic System and Immunity - Respiratory System
What is the cisterna?
Refers to the cisterna chyli (pronounced: sis-tern-uh-khye-lee), an enlarged pouchlike structure at the thoracic duct that serves as a storage area for purified lymph before this lymph returns to the bloodstream. It also receives chyle from the lacteals.
What is immunity?
A disease to which a disease has developed resistance through the presence of antibodies to that disease in a person's system.
What are lacteals?
The lymphatic capillaries that pick up digested fats or lipids from the small intestine. The fats are mixed with the lipids and called chyle.
What is lymph?
A thin, watery fluid composed of intercellular or interstitial fluid. This fluid forms when plasma diffuses into tissue spaces, and when it enters the lymphatic system, it is known as lymph
What are lymph nodes?
They are commonly called "glands" and are located all over the body, usually in groups or clusters. Their function is to filter the lymph and remove impurities such as carbon, cancer cells, pathogens (disease-producing organisms), and dead blood cells.
What is the lymphatic system?
The system consists of lymph, lymph vessels, lymph nodes, and lymphatic tissue. It works in conjunction with the circulatory system to remove wastes and excess fluids from the tissues.
What are lymphatic vessels?
Vessels that are located throughout the body in almost all of the tissues that have blood vessels. Small, open-ended lymphatic capillaries act like drainpipes and are called lymphatic capillaries.
What is the right lymphatic duct?
The shorter of the two main lymphatic ducts, receiving all of the purified lymph from the right side of the head and neck, the right chest, and the right arm. It empties into the right subclavian vein.
What is the spleen?
An organ located beneath the left side of the diaphragm and in back of the upper part of the stomach. It produces leukocytes and antibodies, destroys old erythrocytes (red blood cells), stores erythrocytes, releases the bloodstream if excess bleeding occurs, destroys thrombocytes (platelets), and filters metabolites and wastes from body tissues.
What is the thoracic duct?
The largest of the two lymphatic ducts, receiving the purified lymph from the rest of the body. It empties into the left subclavian vein.
What is the thymus?
A mass of lymph tissue located in the center of the upper chest. It atrophies (wastes away) after puberty. During early life, it produces antibodies and manufactures lymphocytes to fight infection.
What are the tonsils?
Lymphatic tissue located throughout the body. The palatine tonsils are located on each side of the soft palate, the pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids) are in the nasopharynx, and the lingual tonsils are located on the back of the tongue.