Gas Giants
Jupiter and Saturn are mostly comprised of these two elements
What are hydrogen and helium?
This provides the Sun's energy
What is nuclear fusion?
Place where one coastal plate dives beneath the plate next to it
What is subduction zone?
This planet was "repaved" at some time 300-600 million years ago, which explains why it has a fairly uniform distribution of impact craters
What is Venus?
The condition where all geological processes have virtually stopped
What is geologically dead?
This element is the source of Uranus and Neptune's blue color
What is methane?
The rarefied outer part of the Sun's atmosphere, which can only be seen when the disk of the Sun is blocked
What is the corona?
Place where two crustal plates are pulling away from one another; magma may or may not break through the surface.
What is rift zone?
This planet is losing its atmosphere due to the lack of core convection, which corresponds to a lack of electric current and magnetic field.
What is Mars?
Latin for "sea"; relatively smooth, dark features that cover 17% of the Moon's surface
What is Maria
This element is found in metallic form in Jupiter and Saturn because it is under extremely high pressure from the layers of gas above it
What is hydrogen?
This is the visible surface of the Sun
What is the photosphere?
Movement caused within a gas or liquid by the tendency of hotter, and therefore less dense material, to rise and colder, denser material to sink under the influence of gravity, which consequently results in transfer of heat.
What is convection?
The process where gravity pulls high-density material to the center, lower-density material rises to surface and material ends up separated by density
What is differentiation?
The location on the Moon where the crust was thicker, and therefore fewer maria are found there
What is the far side of the moon?
Jupiter and Saturn have cloud bands because the chemical compounds that make up these clouds do what?
What is condense at different temperatures?
These nearly massless subatomic particles have very little interaction with matter and are byproducts of nuclear fusion in the core of the Sun
What are neutrinos?
The region around a planet in which its intrinsic magnetic field dominates the interplanetary field carried by the solar wind; hence, the region within which charged particles can be trapped by the planetary magnetic field.
What is the magnetosphere?
Planet that shrunk due the cooling off and subsequent contraction of its core, causing great cliffs
What is Mercury?
The most accepted theory regarding the creation of the Moon states the Earth was struck by this while it was still molten
What is a Mars-sized object?
This feature is found on Saturn's North Pole
What is the Hexagon Storm?
The state where the outward push from internal gas pressure balances the inward pull of gravity on the outer layers of the Sun
What is hydrostatic equilibrium?
This NASA mission proved that the orbit of a small asteroid could be changed
What is DART?
The technique that allowed for the rotation rate of Mercury to be measured from Earth
What is Radar Doppler Shift?
Over a few hundred million years, this provided the heat to melt the Moon's upper mantle
What is radioactive decay?