Organelles
This organelle is the center of the cell, it is surrounded by an envelope and serves to hold the DNA and instructions for making proteins and other molecules.
The nucleus
What types of cells have mitochondria?
All eukaryotic cells
What molecule makes up the cell membrane?
Phospholipid
What is the difference between passive and active transport?
Put these in order from lowest level of organization to highest: Tissue, Organ system, cell, organs
Cell->tissue->organ->organ system
This organelle is made up of small particles of RNA and proteins and produces proteins!
Ribosomes
Why do plants have one large vacuole?
1: to maintain their shape with internal pressure
2: to store and transport water, ions and waste
Which part of the phospholipid is hydrophobic?
the tail
Which of these molecules would move through the membrane via diffusion?
Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Glucose
ONLY Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide because they are small and nonpolar
What is the cell signal molecule called?
This organelle is responsible for storing and moving materials throughout the cell and to the cell surface via endocytosis and exocytosis
Vesicles
This type of cell doesn't have a nucleus, rather its dna floats around in circular loops, it sometimes has a capsule outside the membrane and does NOT have membrane bound organelles
Prokaryotic Cells
What kinds of things does the cell need to move in/out of the cell? List 2
oxygen, nutrients (sugars and ions), waste products like CO2
A blood cell exists in super saturated salt water (Really salty!), where is the water going to move? Into the cell or Out of the cell?
How doe cells a long distance away from each other communciate?
Via hormones released in the bloodstream that travel all the way to the target cell
I cell syndrome is caused by this organelle failing to properly label an enzyme with its correct molecule for transport. Without this label, the enzyme never travels to the lysosome. What organelle is responsible?
The Golgi Apparatus
A cell has a nucleus, a cell wall and one large vacuole, what type of cell is it?
plant cell
What does POLAR mean?
It means the molecule has a partial charge. For example, water is polar because it has an unequal covalent bond that gives the O and H partial charges
What is the molecule called that lets water move through a membrane?
aquaporins
What is the main difference between how unicellular organisms or multicellular organisms maintain homeostasis regarding cell signaling?
Unicellular organisms only need to coordinate their ONE cell to accomplish things, whereas multicellular organisms need to work interdependently to accomplish a task, all the cells need to COORDINATE!
Alzheimer's is in part caused by this organelle becoming less efficient, thus producing less energy for the organism and releasing harmful biproducts. This organelle is shaped like an oval and has a folded inner membrane.
What organelle is responsible?
The Mitochondria
What are the three components of cell theory?
1. all cells come from existing cells
2. all organisms are made up of one or more cells
3. cells are the basic unit of life
Do all cells have cell membranes?
YES! But not all cells have cell walls;)
In active transport, do the solutes move from low to high concentration areas or from high to low concentration areas?
from low to high, this is why this type of transport requires ATP
What is binding specificity?
This is when a cell needs a specific receptor to recognize a ligand!