9.1
9.2 Archaea & Bacteria
9.3 Viruses
9.4 Protists
Stages of Virus (Bacteriophage)
Reproduction
100
What is a virus?
It's a small collection of genetic material enclosed in a protein shell.
100
Name two harmful roles that bacteria can play in the environment.
They can cause diseases and death in other organisms as well as food spoilage and decomposition.
100
What are two examples of diseases caused by viruses.
Two examples are HIV/AIDS, Influenza. Also, polio and smallpox are also examples.
100
What important cell structure do all protists have?
Nuclei!
100
Name the stage: The virus breaks through the cell wall and cell membrane and injects its DNA into the host cell. Bonus: What # stage?
Stage: Injection Bonus: #2
200
Name two things that happen in binary fission.
1) It's how many single-celled organisms reproduce - they multiply from 1 cell dividing into 2 exact copies. 2) Genetic material duplicates - Each daughter cell has the same DNA
200
Name two helpful roles that bacteria can play in the environment.
They decompose organic matter and break down chemicals such as nitrogen in bodies and waste.
200
How does the size of viruses compare with the size of bacteria?
Viruses are much smaller than bacteria.
200
What protist can switch from one mode of life to another? Explain.
Euglena - it can get energy from the Sun, like plants, or they can absorb nutrients from their environment.
200
Name the stage: The host cell breaks apart and new viruses that are able to infect other host cells are released. Bonus: # stage in process?
Stage: Release Bonus: #5
300
A.) What are microorganisms? B.) Give an example of a microorganism.
A.) They are very small organisms; many are made of one cell. B.) Examples include kinds of archaea, bacteria and some protists.
300
Give three characteristics about bacteria.
1.) They are single-celled organisms w/o nuclei. 2.) They reproduce by binary fission 3.) They are the simplest kind of life known on Earth. - They are much smaller than typical cells from other organisms.
300
What are the two parts that every virus has?
Every virus has genetic material (DNA) and a protein coat (capsid).
300
A.) Why are protists the most diverse kingdom of organisms? B.) Where do most of them live?
A.) They include all organisms that don’t fit into the other kingdoms. B.) Most of them live in water/moist environments.
300
Name the stage: The viral DNA breaks down the host cell’s DNA and uses the host cell’s machinery to produce the parts of new viruses. Bonus: What # stage?
Stage: Production Bonus: #3
400
What are three things that living things must obtain to survive?
They must all obtain energy, materials, and living space.
400
Name AND describe three of bacteria’s the most common roles of bacteria.
1.) Producers provide oxygen and energy; 2.) Decomposers break down dead organisms; 3.) Parasites can cause disease in other organisms.
400
What are three characteristics that virus DO NOT share with living things?
1.) They don't grow larger once they are made. 2.) They don't respond to their environment. 3.) They aren't able to reproduce by themselves/aren't organized into cells.
400
What are three ways that protists obtain their energy?
1.) Protozoa (animal-like) eat other organisms and get energy from the nutrients in the organisms they eat. 2.) Algae (plant-like) get energy from sunlight. 3.) Molds (fungus-like) protists absorb food from their environments.
400
Name the stage: The bacteriophage attaches to a bacterium. Bonus: What # stage?
Stage: Attachment Bonus: #1
500
What are four characteristics that all living things have in common?
They all grow, reproduce, are organized, and respond to their environment.
500
A.) What are three groups of archaea? B.) Where do each of these groups live?
A.) Methanogens, thermophiles, and halophiles. B.) Methanogens produce methane and live in dense mud of swamps and marshes, and in guts of cows and termites. Halophiles live in salty lakes and ponds. Thermophiles live in extreme heat or cold such as hot springs, thermal vents under the sea or buried many meters deep in the ice.
500
What are three characteristics that virus DO share with living things?
1.) Viruses are made of genetic material (DNA) inside a protective protein coat. 2.) They have the ability to make copies of their genetic material (DNA). 3.) A virus's protein coat is similar to a cell's outer membrane. - The protein coat may be simple, or it may have many layers.
500
What are three types of protists?
1.) Algae (plant-like) 2.) Protozoa (animal-like) 3.) Decomposers/Mold (fungus-like)
500
Name the stage: The viral DNA uses the host cell's machinery to assemble new viruses. Bonus: What # is this stage?
Stage: Assembly Bonus: #4
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