Body Systems
How many bones are in the adult human body?
206
What organ pumps blood throughout the body?
Heart
What organs filter blood and produce urine?
Kidneys
What body system protects us against disease?
Immune System
A resident needs to use the bathroom frequently. What should you offer?
Frequent toileting assistance
What is the body's ability to maintain internal balance called?
Homeostasis
What are the two upper chambers of the heart called?
Atria
What substance in your mouth begins breaking down food?
Saliva
What yellowish fluid carries disease-fighting cells?
Lymph
A resident has difficulty hearing you. What should you do?
Face them, reduce background noise, and speak clearly
What is the basic working cell of the nervous system?
Neuron
What are the two phases of breathing?
Inspiration & Expiration
What muscular contractions move food through the digestive tract?
Peristalsis
What are the two main types of immunity discussed in Chapter 9?
Nonspecific and specific immunity
A resident suddenly has blue lips and difficulty breathing. What should you do?
Get immediate help and notify the nurse
What three major parts make up the brain?
Cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem
What happens during diastole?
The heart relaxes and its chambers fill with blood
Why are females generally more likely to develop urinary tract infections?
They have a shorter urethra
What type of immunity provides general protection against many different germs?
Nonspecific immunity
You notice new redness on a resident's tailbone. What should you do?
Report it to the nurse and follow the care plan
What anatomical term means toward the body's midline?
Medial
What tiny air sacs allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to be exchanged?
Trace the path urine takes from the kidneys to outside the body.
Kidneys → ureters → bladder → urethra
What is the difference between active and passive immunity?
Active: the body produces its own protection. Passive: antibodies come from another source.
A resident has swollen ankles, shortness of breath, and sudden confusion. What should you do?
Immediately report the changes and obtain help