Industrial Revolution
1750-1850
Change from the use of simple machines run by human or animal labor to more complicated machines powered with steam, electricity, or other new sources of power.
What is the Industrial Revolution?
Workers attempted to use these principles to make things better for themselves. This often included the use of strikes to coerce factory owners into improving working hours, salaries, or safety precautions.
What is Collective Bargaining?
All property is privately owned. The goal is individual profit, and there is not much concern for social equality.
What is Capitalism?
Latin word for ‘empire.’
What is Imperium?
Probably the single most important invention of the Industrial Revolution was the steam engine. He was the first person to invent the steam engine, not perfect it.
Who is Thomas Newcomen?
Similar to Medieval guilds in some ways - mainly in that they were groups of workers who formed an association to protect their commercial interests.
What are Labor Unions?
Some property is privately owned, but the means of production are owned by the community. The ‘means of production’ refers to anything that can be used to make, sell, or ship goods. This allows wealth to be distributed more equitably.
What is Socialism?
Also known as "Natural Selection".
What is "survival of the fittest."?
Probably the single most important invention of the Industrial Revolution was the steam engine. He was the first person to perfect the engine.
Who is James Watt?
The idea that governments did not need to interfere in the economy because the economy could control itself.
What is Laissez-Faire?
There is no private property. All property is owned by the community. This is supposed to create a classless society, or a society with no social classes, in which everyone is equal.
What is Communism?
1884, European countries held a conference at which they divided Africa amongst themselves. (No African countries were invited.)
What is the Berlin Conference?
He came up with a the idea for interchangeable parts. Before interchangeable parts, all the pieces of machines were different sizes and shapes.
Who is Eli Whitney?
Remembered as the leader of the abolition campaign in British history.
Who is William Wilberforce?
Late 1700s. These people tried to set up perfect societies where workers could prosper. Robert Owen, set up a model industrial town in New Lanark, Scotland.
What is Utopian Socialism?
Medical advances in the 19th century allowed Europeans to explore the continent, and they kind of decided it was theirs for the taking.
What is the Scramble for Africa?
The most important economic causes of the Industrial Revolution. (The first was the Neolithic Revolution)
What is the Second Agricultural Revolution?
Koch & Pasteur did experiments which proved that microorganisms caused diseases, and this led to efforts to clean up the unsanitary conditions in industrial cities.
What is the Germ Theory?
Believed that social policies should provide the greatest good for the greatest number of people. This meant that governments should not pass laws that did not benefit the majority of the people.
What is Utilitarianism?
A British author wrote a poem called ‘the White Man’s Burden’. The poem asserted the idea that white Europeans were actually doing the non-Europeans a favor by teaching them about Western culture.
Who is Rudyard Kipling?