Earthquakes
The idea that the Earth's crust is made up of moving plates.
What is the theory of plate tectonics?
Fast moving waves that occur beneath the surface of the earth.
What are body waves?
This is the beginning point of an earthquake underground.
What is the focus of an earthquake?
This is an avalanche of red hot dust and gases.
What is a pyroclastic flow?
Vog is the combination of these two things.
What is volcanic fog called?
These are breaks in the earth's surface along which rock can move.
What are faults?
This type of fault occurs when rocks move horizontally past each other.
What is a strike-slip fault?
These are the slowest moving and most destructive seismic waves.
What are surface waves?
This type of volcano has not erupted for a very long time and is not expected to erupt again.
What is a dormant volcano?
This is the name of magma when it breaks through the earth's surface.
What is lava?
The crust and upper portion of the mantle is the location of this part of the Earth's layers.
Where is the Lithosphere located in the Earth's layers?
A fault or crack in the surface of the Earth allows magma and gases to come to the surface.
What could cause a volcanic eruption?
This machine detects times and measures the movements of the earth.
What does a seismograph do?
Volcanos that have gradually sloping sides and look like upside down saucers.
What is a shield volcano?
This is the term for the strength of a seismic wave.
What is magnitude?
Where there is water that gets heated (sometimes to steam) above magma chambers deep under the earth.
Where do hot springs occur/happen?
This type of fault occurs where rocks push together until they force a section of rock upward.
What is a reverse fault, or thrust?
The point on the surface of the Earth directly above the focus of an earthquake.
Where is the epicenter of an earthquake?
When part of a mountain collapses, and mud and rock fragments surge down the mountain.
What is contained in a debris flow, and how is one started in a volcanic eruption?
The Mercalli and Richter scales.
How is the magnitude of an earthquake measured and rated?
This happens when two surface plates push and scrape against each other for many years, building up energy and then eventually releasing that energy.
What causes an earthquake?
In this type of fault, as rocks move apart, a section of rock may fall between the separating rock.
What is a normal fault?
This is on the coasts of Asia, Australia, South, Central, and North Americas where the most tectonic activity on Earth is.
Where is the Ring of Fire located?
This type of volcano is one that has erupted in some point in recorded time and is expected to erupt again.
What is an active volcano?