People
moderate Hungarian leader who helped work out the compromise that created the Dual Monarchy
Ferenc Deak
the highest official of a monarch
chancellor
policy enacted by Bismarck that sought to ensure Catholics’ primary allegiance was to Germany
Kulturkamph
Attempting to unify Germans, the Congress of Vienna created the _____, a weak alliance led by Austria.
a. Prussian Confederation
b. Congress of Germany
c. Congress of Germany
d. German Confederation
d. German Confederation
Bismarck, determined to unite Germany under Prussian rule, favored a policy of _____ rather than diplomacy.
a. blood & rust c. blood & iron
b. water & blood d. steel & blood
c. blood & iron
Hapsburg monarch who ascended the throne at age 18
Francis Joseph
realistic politics based on the needs of the state; belief that power is more important than principle
Realpolitik
nationalist Italian military leader and leader of the Red Shirts
Giuseppe Garibaldi
A complex web of competing interests coupled with several wars in the Balkans led observers to refer to that region as the
a. Dual Monarchy c. “blood & iron land”
b. Austria-Hungary d. “Balkan powder keg”
d. “Balkan powder keg”
Russia was a _________________ —the largest and most populous nation in Europe—and had abundant natural resources.
colossus
shrewd politician who became prime minister to Italian King Victor Emmanuel
Camillo Cavour
German word meaning empire or nation
Reich
movement away from one’s homeland
emigration
In which two European empires did nationalism create the most tension?
a. Ottoman and German
b. Balkan and Hapsburg
c. Hapsburg and Ottoman
d. Hungarian and British
Hapsburg and Ottoman
What was a result of the formation of the Dual Monarchy?
a. Hungarians were pleased, but other ethnic groups were not.
b. Hungarians and Slavs were pleased, but other ethnic groups were not.
c. Austria and Germany shared some government functions.
d. It led to Austria’s defeat by Prussia in the 1866 war.
Hungarians were pleased, but other ethnic groups were not.
leader from Prussia who succeeding in unifying German-speaking states under Prussian rule
Otto von Bismarck
German word meaning emperor
Kaiser
person who wants to abolish all government
anarchist
After the Congress of Vienna, Italy was controlled by _____ monarchs in the north and _____ monarchs in the south.
a. Hapsburg & Bourbon
b. Bourbon & Tudor
c. Hapsburg & Stuart
d. Stuart & Tudor
Hapsburg & Bourbon
What event signaled that Italy was at last a united nation?
a. French withdrawal from Rome in 1870
b. the crowning of Victor Emmanuel II in 1861
c. the defeat of Garibaldi’s Red Shirts in 1860
d. Cavour’s triumphant return in 1858
the crowning of Victor Emmanuel II in 1861
Self-confident leader who requested Bismarck’s resignation and expanded the German military
William II
programs to help certain groups of people in a society
social welfare
an agreement that made Austria and Hungary different states with collaborative governments
Dual Monarchy
One of the greatest roadblocks to Italian unity was
a. nationalism.
b. regional loyalties.
c. the lack of a common language.
d. the Red Shirts.
c. regional loyalties
Which of the following is NOT a way that Germany promoted economic development?
a. raised tariffs
b. issued a single currency
c. reorganized the banking system
d. ignored the depression
ignored the depression