Phase Changes and States of Matter
Density
Heat Transfer
Miscellaneous
Calculations X3 Points
100
State of matter in which particles can move freely past one another
Liquid
100
An object has a mass of 25.0 g and a volume of 4.0 cm3. Calculate the density.
6.25 g/cm3
100
Best state of matter for conduction
Solid and Liquid
100
In a closed system, heat will flow between two objects until this is established
Thermal Equilibrium
100
A piece of copper is placed into 40.0 mL of water, raising the water to a final volume of 50.0 mL. If the density of copper of 8.96 g/cm3, what is the mass of the piece of copper?
89.6 g
200
State of matter with definite shape and definite volume
Solid
200
A piece of copper has a mass of 50.0 g and volume of 5.6 cm3. Calculate the density.
8.92 g/cm3
200
Best state of matter for conduction
Fluids (Gas)
200
The ratio of an object’s mass to its volume
Density
200
A sample of galena, a type of mineral, is placed into 35.0 mL of water. The water rises to a new volume of 38.3 mL. If the mass of the sample of galena is 25.0 g, what is the density?
7.57g/mL
300
State of matter with no definite shape but a definite volume
Liquid
300
A block of wood measures 10 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm and a density of 0.2 g/cm 3. What is the mass of the block of wood?
200g
300
Transfer of thermal energy between particles in a fluid
Convection Current
300
Physical changes for states of matter are _____.
Reversible
300
A piece of aluminum with a mass of 40.0 g at an initial temperature of 110 °C is placed into 150.0 mL of water in a closed system calorimeter. The aluminum loses 1500 J of energy when added to the water. If aluminum has a specific heat, Cp, of 0.9 J/g•C what is the final temperature the aluminum will reach?
68C
400
the melting point is the same as...
the freezing point
400
Ethanol, a type of alcohol, has a density of 0.789 g/mL. What is the volume of 75.0 g of ethanol?
95.05mL
400
The rising and sinking of particles due to changes in density caused by transfer of thermal energy between particles in a fluid
Convection
400
the average measure of kinetic energy of particles in an object or substance
Temperature
400
In the space below, sketch a graph of the change in temperature of a substance as heat energy is added. Include all relevant labels (solid, liquid, gas, fusion, melting, vaporization, condensation, heating, kinetic energy, temperature, etc.)
Diagram
500
The melting point is _______________.
The sample is completely in the liquid phase between ________ and ________ minutes
The boiling point is _______________.
The time at which the liquid phase first appears is _____ minutes.
The time at which the gas phase first appears is _____ minutes.
-5
10-14 min
75
4
14
500
How does density affect the movement of matter and energy in the earths core?
explain how convection currents work
500
a phase change always involves what?
heat/energy transfer
500
An insulated container that is used to measure heat changes
Calorimeter
500
Briefly explain how P-wave arrival times that occur later than expected at some locations on Earth serves as evidence of a liquid outer core inside the Earth’s interior.
P-waves can travel through solids, liquids, and gases. P-waves slow down as they travel through substances that have lower densities. This causes P-waves to arrive at some locations later than expected. Most liquids have lower density than solids, therefore, these later arrival times due to slower velocities are evidence of a liquid outer core in the Earth’s interior.