Vocab
A long period without rain
drought
Why did the Spanish set up villages, called missions throughout North America?
In order to spread their religion in vast regions.
Why did England wanted to start a colony in North America?
England’s bitter rival, Spain, had North American colonies. England wanted a North American colony to compete with Spain.
The Pilgrims cooperated with the Native Americans, and both groups benefited. The Puritans tried to force Christianity on the Native Americans. That led to conflict between the two groups.
True or False
True
Discuss the role of the encomienda in the economy of the Spanish settlements in New Spain.
It gave Spanish settlers the right to control groups of Native Americans. They normally exploited the Native Americans by overworking them. Their work produced most of the silver and gold that the Spaniards sent back to Spain.
A person who goes on a religious journey
Pilgrim
How did contact with the Spaniards harm Native Americans?
The Spaniards passed European diseases to the Native Americans. As a result, many Native Americans died.
What was the relationship like between the English colonists on Roanoke Island and the local Native Americans?
There was probably conflict between the two groups because of a shortage of food.
What was the relationship between the Pilgrims and the Native Americans like?
The Wampanoag people helped the Pilgrims because the Pilgrims protected them from their Native American foes.
Describe the relations between the Native Americans and the French and Dutch colonists?
Both the French and the Dutch traded with some Native Americans, but both groups of colonists also came into conflict with other Native Americans.
People chosen by voters to speak and act for them
representative
Explain why the location of the St. Augustine settlement was important to the Spaniards?
The shipping route that Spanish ships used to take gold and silver from the Americas to Spain passed near St. Augustine. Soldiers at the St. Augustine fort protected Spanish ships from pirates.
What was a key factor in the survival and progress of the English colony at Jamestown (started by John Rolfe)?
The Virginia Company finally began to earn profits when John Rolfe started to grow a new type of tobacco in Jamestown.
Describe the role of religion in the lives of Pilgrims and Puritans
Religion was very important to both groups. Religious activities were a central part of their lives.
Life in the Dutch colony of ___________ was based on commerce?
New Netherlands
A shortcut by water across North America to Asia
Northwest Passage
Which was a location of Spanish missions in New Spain?
the northern regions of New Spain
What was the geography and environment of the Jamestown colony like?
The site of the colony was almost surrounded by water. Some of the water was unclean, and the mosquitoes that bred around the water carried disease.
What did the Pilgrims promise to do in the Mayflower Compact?
work together to make “just and equal laws”
Contrast the ways the European colonists in North America and the Native Americans viewed the ownership of land.
European colonists believed land was private property. They claimed Native American land for themselves.
The Native Americans did not believe that anyone owned the land. Many believed spirits lived in the land.
A grant from the Spanish government giving settlers the right to control local Native Americans
encomienda
Describe the role of Native Americans in the economy of New Spain.
The Spanish Government used ecomiendas to give settlers the right to control Native Americans. The Spanish viewed Native Americans as a source of labor. The Spanish overworked the Native Americans which caused many deaths.
What were three factors that were important in the survival and growth of the Jamestown colony?
1. Tobacco which was sold to England for more profit than the old tobacco.
2. Several years of peace with the Native Americans.
3. Creating the House of Burgesses which gave the colonists a voice in government.
Why did the Pilgrims and Puritans come to North America?
They would not join the Church of England so they left to live in a place where they could be free to practice their own religion.
What was one motive the English, Dutch, and French had in common for starting colonies in North America?
Economic Motives