Particle Behavior
The state of matter with the fastest particle motion
What is a gas?
During a change of state, if this type of energy is removed, it causes the potential energy of particles to decrease as they get closer together.
What is thermal energy?
An explanation of how particles move in all states of matter.
What is the kinetic molecular theory?
the gas state of a substance that is usually a solid or liquid
What is a vapor?
The state of matter that has the greatest attractive forces between particles
What is a solid?
During a change in state, this type of energy is either increasing or decreasing
What is potential energy?
2. particles are in constant, random motion
3. particles collide with each other and the walls of their container
4. when particles collide, no energy is lost
What are the four parts of kinetic molecular theory?
a measurement of a liquid's resistance to flow
What is viscosity?
the cause of stronger or weaker attractive forces between particles
What is the distance between particles?
Melting, vaporization, and sublimation
What are changes of state that occur when thermal energy is added?
a law that states that the pressure of a gas decreases as the volume increases, and the pressure increases when volume decreases, as long as temperature remains constant.
What is Boyle's law?
the average kinetic energy of particles
What is temperature?
a graph that is commonly used to demonstrate the movement of particles during changes of state
What is the heating curve of water?
a change in state in which a gas turns directly into a solid
What is deposition?
a law that states that the volume of a gas increases as the temperature increases, if the pressure remains constant
What is Charles's law?
the uneven forces acting on particles at the surface of the liquid
What is surface tension?
when the temperature of the material stays the same but the distance between particles is changing
What is a change in state?
a change in state that occurs when a solid changes directly to a gas
What is sublimation?
What is the difference between Charles's law and Boyle's law?
the variable that is being tested in a controlled experiment
What is an independent variable?