Category 1
A field of study within criminology that places the victim at the center of the discussion is referred to as ______.
a. criminology
b. victimology
c. penology
d. positivism
Ans: B victimology
Which of the following was identified as an essential component of Routine Activities Theory?
a. depressed offender
b. available target
c. presence of a dog
d. availability of resources to commit the crime
Ans: B. available target
A ______ is someone who has been injured or harmed by the actions of another.
A. Offender
B. Police Officer
C. Victim
D. Store clerk
C. Victim
All of the following statements are reasons why victims may not report a crime to the police EXCEPT which?
A. Fear of Retaliation
B. Belief that nothing could be done
C.Confident police will recover their property.
D. Feel embarrassed
Ans: C.The victim is confident police will recover their property.
By law, colleges and universities are required to disclose statistics about campus crime.
A. True
B. False
Ans: A. True
Which of the following best summarizes one of the biggest problems with early theories of victimology?
a. They focused on how offenders chose their victims.
b. They did not study all types of victims.
c. They focused on how victims could be at fault for their own victimization.
d. There were no early theories that studied victims.
Ans: c. They focused on how victims could be at fault for their own victimization.
The author(s) of Routine Activities Theory are ______.
a. Sampson and Laub
b. Benjamin Mendelsohn
c. Hans von Hentig
d. Cohen and Felson
Ans: D. Cohen and Felson
______ is an alternative model that provides increased opportunities for victims to have a voice in the criminal justice process.
a. Deterrence
b. Restorative justice
c. Juvenile justice
d. Reformation
Ans: B. Restorative justice
In 2019, it is estimated that only ______ of victims report violent crime.
a. 37.9%
b. 23.9%
c. 62.9%
d. 42.9%
Ans: D.42.9%
The Name of Criminal Cases in the State of Washington are listed as:
A. WA v. Jane Smith (Victim)
B. U.S. v. John Doe (Offender)
C. WA v. John Doe (Offender)
D. U.S. v. Jane Smith (Victim)
Ans: C. WA v. John Doe (Offender)
Which of the following statements align with the just-world hypothesis?
a. People are not at fault for their victimization.
b. Bad things happen to good people.
c. It is not about luck in this world.
d. People deserve whatever comes to them.
Ans:D. People deserve whatever comes to them.
Routine activities theory was initially designed to explain victimization from ______.
a. personal crime
b. victimless crime
c. property crime
d. white-collar crime
Ans:C. property crime
The Crime Victims’ Rights Act of 2004 was implemented at the ______ level.
a. local
b. state
c. federal
d. tribal
Ans: C.federal
In 2019, it is estimated that only ______ of victims report property crime.
a. 23.5%
b. 32.5%
c. 49.5%
d. 62.5%
Ans: B. 32.5%
______ impact statement is the account given by the victim, the victim’s family, or others affected by the offense that expresses the effects of the offense, including economic losses, the extent of physical or psychological injuries, and major life changes.
A. Police
B. Judge
C. Community
D. Victim
Ans: D. Victim
______ enables people to make sense of the victimization and makes them feel somehow different from the person who is victimized.
a. Restorative justice
b. Secondary victimization
c. Victim blaming
d. Lifestyle theory
Ans: C. Victim blaming
According to the ______ theory, one may increase the risk for criminal opportunity and victimization through both an increased exposure to criminal activity and an increased exposure to motivated offenders.
a. routine activities
b. lifestyle
c. victim blaming
d. rational choice
Ans: B. lifestyle
The concept of ______ refers to the practice whereby victims of crime feel traumatized as a result of not only their victimization experience but also by the official criminal justice system response to their victimization.
a. primary victimization
b. secondary victimization
c. just-world hypothesis
d. restorative justice
Ans: B. Secondary victimization
Young people are ______ likely to be victims of crimes than older adults (60+).
A. Less
B. Equally
C. Somewhat
D. More
Ans: D. More
According to the National Crime Victimization Survey, which of the following is less likely to be reported?
a. green crimes
b. violent crimes
c. property crimes
d. status offenses
Ans: C. property crimes