CH6-8 Review

Balancing Equations & Reaction Types

100

What is the law that states matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction?

Law of Conservation of Mass

200

Name one type of chemical reaction where a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water.

Combustion

300

What do we call a reaction where an acid reacts with a base to form water and a salt?

Neutralization

400

Give an example of a physical change mentioned in Chapter 6.

Phase change

500

Name and briefly describe the four broad types of chemical reactions introduced in Chapter 6.

• Synthesis (Combination) reactions: Two reactants join to form a single product.
• Decomposition reactions: A single reactant breaks down into two or more products.
• Single-displacement reactions: One element replaces another in a compound.
• Double-displacement reactions: Two compounds exchange ions to form two new compounds.

Aqueous Reactions & Solubility

100

What type of reaction forms a solid from two aqueous solutions?

Precipitation

200

What do solubility rules help predict?

Formation of precipitates

300

What ions are present in a sodium chloride solution?

Na⁺ and Cl⁻

400

What is the term for an equation that shows all ions present in solution?

Complete ionic equation

500

What is the term for an equation that omits spectator ions?

Net ionic equation

Stoichiometry & Mole Concept

100

What is Avogadro's number?

6.022 × 10²³

200

What is the unit used to count particles in chemistry?

Mole

300

What is the formula to calculate percent composition?

(mass of element / mass of compound) × 100

400

What is the term for the substance that limits the amount of product formed?

Limiting reagent

500

What is the ratio used in stoichiometry calculations derived from?

Balanced chemical equation

Energy & Thermochemistry

100

What is the term for a reaction that releases heat?

Exothermic

200

What is the term for a reaction that absorbs heat?

Endothermic

300

What law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed?

Law of Conservation of Energy

400

What is the SI unit of energy?

Joule

500

What is the term for the heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1°C?

Specific heat

Mixed Concepts

100

What is the octet rule?

Atoms are stabilized by having 8 electrons in their valence shell

200

What is the term for a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed?

Catalyst

300

What is the term for the smallest whole-number ratio of ions in an ionic compound?

Empirical formula

400

What is the term for a bond formed by sharing electrons?

Covalent bond

500

What is the term for ions that do not participate in a chemical reaction?

Spectator ions