Definition
This generalized, well integrated knowledge about a situation, event, or person.
What is Schema?
This influences how we understand an event or situation and we think of it as basic building blocks to represent our thoughts about people.
What is Schema?
Memorizing items in an office, but not being able to recognize items which would not normally be there
What are schema-irrelevant items?
This material is seen in boundary extension.
What is visual material?
A simple, well structured sequence of events that usually occur in a specified order. The prototype of this series often shares an underlying similarity.
What is a Script?
Our memories story "generic" information about a situation that occurred.
What are Schema Theories?
A person "remembering" items which were not in the room.
What are schema-consistent items?
During memory tasks our schemas complete objects during boundary extension
What is missing material?
When people "remember" an item that was not originally presented
What is false alarm?
A list of events that a person thinks would be most important throughout his or her lifetime.
What is a Life Script?
Stored knowledge that helps one typically accurately predict what will happen in a new situation.
What is heuristic?
Recalling material which violates our expectations and is vivid or surprising
When does better recall occur?
A perceptual photo is activated when looking at a photo
How does one comprehend a photo?
People integrating information from individual sentences to construct larger ideas
What is the constructive model of memory?
Our tendency to remember having viewed a greater portion of a scene than was actually shown.
What is Boundary Extension?
People who share similar life scripts.
Who has the same Culture?
People rarely create a completely false memory for an event that did not occur
What is a lengthy event?
We create perceptual schemas that extend beyond the edges of the photo and beyond the scope of our retina
How does expectation affect our schema?
People pay attention to the aspect of the message that is most relevant to their goals.
What is the pragmatic view of memory?
A memory process that stores the meaning of a message, rather than the exact words.
What is Abstraction?
1. Schemas and Memory Selection, Schemas and Boundary Extension, Schemas and Memory Abstraction, Schemas and Memory Integration
What are four ways in which schemas and scripts operate during cognitive processing?
When there is a major event that would not normally happen in this setting, so the people remember it
What is inconsistent standard schema?
Our memory tends to store consistent images, so incomplete figures activate our imagery processes
What are fill in the blanks?
Our background knowledge encourages us to take in new information in a schema consistent fashion
What is memory integration?