Math
How many ml are equal 28.6 ounces?
1 oz /30 ml = 28.6 oz/ X
858 ml
28.6*30=858/1=858 ml
The RN is caring for a pt hospitalized with acute exacerbation of COPD. Which findings would the nurse expect to note of this client? SAA
A - low arterial Pco2 level
B - hyperinflation of chest on x-ray
C decreased O2 saturation with mild exercise
D - Widened diaphragm noted on chest x-ray
E - Pulmonary function tests that demonstrate increased vital capacity
B - hyperinflation of chest on x-ray
C decreased O2 saturation with mild exercise
high CO2, flattened diaphragm on chest x-ray, decreased pulmonary function tests
A child with laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) is placed in a cool mist tent. The parent becomes concerned because the child is frightened, consistently crying, and trying to climb out of the tent. Which is the most appropriate nursing action?
A - Tell parent child must stay in tent
B - Place a toy in the tent to make the child feel more comfortable
C - Call pediatrician and obtain sedative
D - Let the parent hold the child and direct the cool mist over child's face
D - Cool mist therapy may be prescribed to help liquefy secretions
A patient with Peripheral Artery Disease complains of leg pain when walking that is relieved by rest. Which assessment finding would support this diagnosis?
A. Warm, pink skin with strong pulses
B. shiny, hairless lower legs
C. Thickened, yellow toenails with strong pulses
D. Red, warm, swollen calf with pain on dorsiflexion
B. Shiny, hairless lower legs
A nurse is caring for multiple clients. Which clients are at highest risk for developing a pulmonary embolism? (Select all that apply)
A. A 68-year-old on bedrest after a stroke
B. A 25-year-old taking oral contraceptives
C. A 40-year-old with dehydration and diarrhea
D. A 72-year-old with atrial fibrillation
E. A 50-year-old 2 days post abdominal surgery
F. A 30-year-old with a femur fracture in traction
A. A 68-year-old on bedrest after a stroke
B. A 25-year-old taking oral contraceptives
C. A 40-year-old with dehydration and diarrhea
D. A 72-year-old with atrial fibrillation
E. A 50-year-old 2 days post abdominal surgery
F. A 30-year-old with a femur fracture in traction
The vial contains 250 mg of Penicillin powder. You are to add 4.2 ml of sterile water to have a resultant volume of 5 ml (250 mg/5ml). How much will you prepare to administer 200 mg of Penicillin?
4 ml
250 mg/5 ml =200 mg/ X
200*5=1000/250=4
A patient with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease has the following ABG results:
How should the nurse interpret these findings?
A. Respiratory acidosis
B. Metabolic alkalosis
C. Compensated respiratory acidosis
D. Respiratory alkalosis
C. Compensated respiratory acidosis
The RN is caring for an infant with bronchiolitis and dx tests have confirmed RSV. On the basis of this finding which is the most appropriate nursing action?
A - Initiate strict enteric precautions
B - Move the infant to a private room
C - Leave the infant in the present room because RSV is not contagious
D - Inform the staff that using standard precautions is all that is necessary
B - private room
Highly contagious via droplets and direct contact with respiratory secretions
A nurse is assessing four patients with lower‑extremity ulcers. Which patient requires immediate intervention?
A. A patient with a shallow ulcer on the medial ankle, moderate edema, and brown skin discoloration
B. A patient with a deep ulcer on the lateral ankle, pale wound bed, and diminished posterior tibial pulses
C. A patient with bilateral leg swelling that decreases with elevation and aching pain
D. A patient with varicose veins and a warm, moist ulcer with heavy drainage
B. A patient with a deep ulcer on the lateral ankle, pale wound bed, and diminished posterior tibial pulses
decreased perfusion high risk for amputation & necrosis
A child with Cystic Fibrosis is brought to the clinic on a hot summer day. Which finding requires immediate intervention?
A. Thick, productive cough
B. Greasy, foul-smelling stools
C. Lethargy and muscle weakness
D. Frequent respiratory infections
C. Lethargy and muscle weakness
CF patients lose large amounts of sodium in sweat, especially in heat. - Lethargy + muscle weakness = possible hyponatremia/dehydration → life-threatening
You are to give 1500 ml of IV fluid over 12 hours. The administration set is 15 drops per ml.
Calculate the IV rate in drops/minute AND in ml/hour. Rounded to the nearest whole number.
1500 ml/12 hrs = XML/1 hour...125 ml/hr
125ml/60 mins*15 gtts/1 ml = 31.25 rounded to 31 gtts/ min
A patient with long-standing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease develops Pulmonary Hypertension. Which assessment finding is most concerning?
A. Mild peripheral edema
B. Jugular venous distention
C. Increased fatigue
D. New onset confusion
D. New onset confusion
Confusion = hypoxia or CO₂ retention affecting the brain
The ED RN is caring for a child dx with epiglottitis. In assessing the child the RN would monitor for which indication that the child may be experiencing airway obstruction?
A - Child showing nasal flaring and bradycardia
B - Child leaning forward with the chin thrust out
C - Child has a low grade fever and complains of a sore throat
D - Child is leaning back supporting self with hands and arms
B - Child leaning forward with chin thrust out
Tripod positioning
Which assessment finding is most consistent with PAD?
A. Warm skin and bounding pulses
B. Brown skin discoloration at the ankles
C. Diminished or absent pedal pulses
D. Edema that improves with walking
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
PAD results in reduced arterial blood flow, leading to weak or absent pulses, cool skin, and delayed capillary refill. Brown discoloration and edema are more typical of venous insufficiency.
The nurse is planning care for a child with Cystic Fibrosis. Which interventions should be included? (Select all that apply)
A. Perform chest physiotherapy before meals
B. Administer pancreatic enzymes with snacks
C. Encourage a low-fat diet
D. Provide fat-soluble vitamin supplementation
E. Schedule airway clearance immediately after meals
F. Encourage increased fluid intake
A. Perform chest physiotherapy before meals
B. Administer pancreatic enzymes with snacks
D. Provide fat-soluble vitamin supplementation (A,D,E, K)
F. Encourage increased fluid intake
A patient weighs 176 lb and is prescribed a dopamine infusion at 8 mcg/kg/min. The IV solution contains 400 mg dopamine in 250 mL D5W. - What is the infusion rate in ml/hr?
Convert lb to KG - 176/2.2=80 kg
Calculate dose per min - 8 mcg * 80kg = 640 mcg/min
Convert mcg to mg - 640 mcg/1000 mg = 0.64mg/ min
Find concentration - 400 mg /250 ml = 1.6 mg/ml
ml/min 0.64/1.6=0.4 ml/min
Convert ml/ hr 0.4*60 = 24 ml/hr
A patient with Asthma is in acute respiratory distress. Which interventions should the nurse implement? (Select all that apply)
A. Administer short-acting beta agonist
B. Place the patient in high-Fowler’s position
C. Encourage slow deep breathing
D. Administer systemic corticosteroids
E. Limit fluid intake to reduce pulmonary edema
F. Provide humidified oxygen
A: Administer short-acting beta agonist - First-line rescue (opens airways fast)
B: Place the patient in high-Fowler’s position - Maximizes lung expansion
D: Administer systemic corticosteroids - Reduces inflammation (not immediate, but essential)
F: Provide humidified oxygen - Treats hypoxemia
10 year old with asthma is being treated in ED for acute exacerbation. The RN caring for the child would monitor for which sign knowing it indicates a worsening of the condition
1 - warm dry skin
2 - decreased wheezing
3 - pulse rate of 90 BPM
4 - RR of 18
2 - decreased wheezing
"Silent chest" - can be an ominous sign during asthma episode - worsening airway obstruction -
Which patient statement indicates effective teaching about arterial insufficiency management?
A. “I will elevate my legs above my heart when sleeping.”
B. “I should inspect my feet daily for cuts or color changes.”
C. “Compression socks will help improve my circulation.”
D. “Walking isn’t safe because it will worsen my leg pain.”
B. “I should inspect my feet daily for cuts or color changes.”
Patients with arterial disease must practice meticulous foot care due to the risk of ischemic injury and infection.
A patient with lower‑extremity vascular disease reports leg pain. Which additional finding best supports a diagnosis of arterial insufficiency?
A. Warm skin with edema
B. Pain relieved by elevation
C. Delayed capillary refill and cool skin
D. Medial ankle ulcer with heavy exudate
C. Delayed capillary refill and cool skin
A patient is to receive 1.2L of D5W with 20mEq of KCL in 8 hours. The drop factor of the tubing is 60gtts/ml.
a. Determine the rate in ml/hr.
b. Determine the rate in gtts/min.
c. How many mEq/hr will the patient receive?
A - Rate in ml/ hr = 150 ml/ hr....1200 ml/8
B - gtts/ min = 150 gtt/ min...1200 ml x 60/480
C- mEq/ hr...2.5 mEq/hr....20/8
The nurse is caring for four patients. Which patient should be seen FIRST?
A. A patient with Asthma who has loud inspiratory and expiratory wheezing
B. A patient with asthma who reports chest tightness after exercise
C. A patient with asthma whose wheezing has suddenly decreased and breath sounds are barely audible
D. A patient with asthma requesting a refill of their inhaler
C. A patient with asthma whose wheezing has suddenly decreased and breath sounds are barely audible
Sudden decrease in wheezing = “silent chest”
Indicates minimal air movement → life-threatening
A 12-year-old with Cystic Fibrosis is admitted for a pulmonary exacerbation. The nurse reviews the following orders. Which action should the nurse take FIRST?
A. Administer pancreatic enzymes with breakfast
B. Perform chest physiotherapy after meals
C. Administer aerosolized bronchodilator
D. Encourage intake of high-fat snacks
C. Administer aerosolized bronchodilator
Tell us all some key facts about PAD
:)
A child weighs 18 kg and is prescribed:
Acetaminophen 12 mg/kg/dose PO every 6 hours PRN fever.
The medication available is 120 mg/5 mL oral suspension.
How many mL per dose should the nurse administer? Round to the nearest 10th.
Step 1: Find the ordered dose
12 mg × 18 kg = 216 mg per dose
Step 2: Convert mg → mL
120 mg : 5 mL = 216 mg : X
X = (216 × 5) ÷ 120
X = 9 mL
What is the safe dose range for a child to get of Tylenol?