Declension Tension
The number of declensions there are
Five Declensions
Decline terra, terrae
terr-a terr-ae
terr-ae terr-arum
terr-ae terr-is
terr-am terr-as
terr-a terr-is
Where the verb usually stands in the sentence
last
The gender rule for 1st declension nouns
All nouns are feminine unless they name a masculine person.
Accusative Case
How we determine to which declension a noun belongs
By its genitive singular ending
Decline servus, servi
serv-us serv-i
serv-i serv-orum
serv-o serv-is
serv-um serv-os
serv-o serv-is
The subject of a finite verb is in the __________ case.
Nominative case
The gender rule for 2nd declension nouns.
Nominative cases ending in:
-us are masculine (servus)
-um are neuter (bellum)
Dative case
The ending of the genitive singular noun in the 1st declension
-ae
Decline bellum, belli
bell-um bell-a
bell-i bell-orum
bell-o bell-is
bell-um bell-a
bell-o bell-is
A finite verb agrees with its subject in __________ and __________.
person & number
Where an adverb usually stands in a sentence
It usually stands immediately before the verb it modifies.
The case of a predicate nominative after a linking verb
Nominative Case
How the stem of a 2nd declension noun is found
By dropping the -i from the genitive singular
Translate sumus amici.
We are friends.
Where the sum (to be) verbs stand in a sentence
Anywhere
Natural Gender Rule - if a nouns names a male person it will be masculine; if a noun names a female person it will be feminine.
The possessive case and many English "of" phrases are translated by the ___________ case.
Genitive Case
How the stem of a 1st declension noun is found
By dropping the -ae from the genitive singular
Translate The forests are on the earth.
Silvae sunt in terra.
The present tense forms of sum and their meanings
sum - I am sumus - we are
es - you are estis - you (all) are
est - he/she/it is sunt - they are
These 2 case endings are always the same with neuter nouns
nominative and accusative
Objects of prepositions are put in these 2 cases.
Accusative and Ablative cases