Vocabulary
Identify Atom
The smallest particle of an element; made of electrons, protons, and neutrons
Identify Gas
A state of matter with no definite shape or volume
Describe how the particles are when water is boiling
Starts to space out and turn into a gas
What happens to particles of a solid when it melts?
Particles would start in increase in speed and KE
Describe how particle motion changes when a solid is heated until it becomes a liquid.
It would start to have a fast speed and KE
Identify Collide
To strike or hit something with any amount of force
Identify Kinetic Energy
The energy of motion
what happens when a volume of gas is cooled
The volume would start to increase
Describe how the particles are in a liquid state
moving kind of fast and not compacted
Describe how the particles are in a solid
packed tightly close and still moving
Identify Pressure
Force exerted on matter through contact with other matter; affects melting and boiling points
Thermal Energy
The total kinetic (motion) energy of the tiny particles that make up matter; the faster the particles move, the warmer the matter becomes
Describe the movement of atoms in a liquid during a temperature change (both an increase and a decrease).
The atoms in an increase would space out more and the atoms for decrease would start to compact
Predict what will happen to particle motion when a substance is cooled.
Start to decrease in KE and speed and would start to form a definite shape
How does adding thermal energy to a gas affect its particles?
The motion of the particle will increase even faster and the speed.
Identify Pure Substance
Force exerted on matter through contact with other matter; affects melting and boiling points
Identify Temperature
Average kinetic energy of all the particles in a material; measured by a thermometer in degrees (usually degrees Celsius or degrees Fahrenheit)
If two objects have different temperatures, in which direction will heat move?
From warmer to colder
What causes particles to increase in speed
addition of thermal energy
what causes particles to decrease in speed
Removal of thermal energy
Identify Inert
Not chemically reactive; used to describe a substance
Distinct forms of matter known in everyday experience: solid, liquid, and gas; also referred to as phases
How is heat different from temperature
Temperature is total KE, while heat is the average KE.
Describe the relationship between kinetic energy and the states of matter.
KE of the molecules can decide what state of matter it is like if the KE of an substance is slow then we can say that its can be identified as a solid and if the KE is fast then we can say that it is identified as an gas
Explain how thermal energy, temperature, and kinetic energy are related in a substance.
Temperature is the average motion of the kinetic energy and if we want to see how they all relate then they relate by as the temperature rises thermal energy forms causing the KE of the particles to be fast and space out