Taming the West
The region west of the Mississippi River and east of the Rocky Mountains known for its flat grassland
The Great Plains
The inventor who produced over 1,000 inventions in his laboratory between 1876 and 1931, the most important of which was the incandescent light bulb
Thomas Edison
Organizations that represented the interests of workers and negotiated on their behalf with businesses and governments
labor unions
Reformers who advocated social and political change to address the issues caused by urbanization and industrialization, usually through the government taking a more active role in shaping society
Progressives
Laws in Southern states that required African Americans to remain separate from white citizens in public (separate train cars, hotels, restaurants, parks, public bathrooms, drinking fountains, etc.)
Jim Crow laws
The site of the massacre of three hundred Native Americans by U.S. soldiers who were concerned that they were starting a rebellion
Wounded Knee
The man who made steel cheap by combining all parts of the manufacturing process into his steel mills
Andrew Carnegie
The growth of cities
urbanization
The act which was an effort to end the spoils system of political appointments
Pendleton Civil Service Act
The Supreme Court case which ruled that separate, segregated facilities were constitutional as long as they were equal
Plessy v. Ferguson
The significance of the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad
It linked East and West just as the Civil War restored the link between North and South
The two new methods of manufacturing that Henry Ford employed to mass produce automobiles in an effort to make them cheap enough for everyone to afford them
replaceable parts
the assembly line
Sophisticated organizations of politicians designed to provide jobs, contracts, and favors for citizens in exchange for political support of particular candidates
political machines
The nation's first regulatory agency designed to investigate railroad rate-making and discriminatory rate practices
Interstate Commerce Commission
The African American leader during the Jim Crow era who promoted the policy of accommodation, the idea that African-Americans should focus on economic success instead of racial equality; established Tuskegee Institute in Alabama as a trade school for African-Americans
Booker T. Washington
The two changes necessary to enable the Great Plains to become the primary agricultural region of the United States
irrigation
mechanized agriculture
The application of Charles Darwin’s theory of “survival of the fittest” to the free-market system; argued that competition would weed out weaker firms and allow stronger, fitter firms to survive
Social Darwinism
Leader of the American Federation of Labor who focused on practical goals like improved wages, hours, and working conditions
Samuel Gompers
The orator, anti-imperialist, champion of farm interests, and three-time Democratic presidential candidate supported by Populists
William Jennings Bryan
The African American leader who opposed accommodation and promoted full, immediate equality for African Americans; helped found the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
W.E.B. Du Bois
The government act which attempted to “civilize” the Indians by changing the reservation structure to give plots of land to individual Indians
The Dawes Act
Differentiate between horizontal integration and vertical integration
Horizontal integration—merging competing companies in one area of business
Vertical integration—merging firms to control all aspects of production of a particular product
The overall goal of the Populist Party
limiting the power of big businesses and railroads in the economy
Briefly describe the 17th, 18th, and 19th Amendments
direct election of Senators
Prohibition (banning alcohol)
Right to vote for women
Leader of the movement against lynching
Ida B. Wells