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The shaking of Earth’s crust by sudden, shifting movements in the plates
earthquakes
a cone-shaped landform that sometimes releases hot rocks, gases, and ashes
volcano
huge ocean wave
tsunami
rapid downhill movement of large amounts of rock and soil
landslides
What causes an earthquake?
When the tectonic plates collide or move suddenly.
natural features on the surface of the Earth
landforms
gradual wearing away or changing of rock and soil caused by water, ice, temperature changes, wind, chemicals, or living things
weathering
the moving of pieces of soil or rock by mechanisms including gravity, wind, water, ice, or plants and animals
erosion
the place underground where the plates start to move and the earthquake begins
focus
name a landform
mountains, hills, plains, plateaus, valleys
long period of dry weather, low amount of rain or snow
fast moving water that produces quick changes in the surface of the earth
floods
a break or crack in rocks where Earth’s crust can move
fault
the point on Earth’s surface directly above the focus of an earthquake
epicenter
Weathering that only changes the size or shape of a rock.
Physical Weathering
the laying down of pieces of the Earth’s surface
deposition
volcanoes that are flat and are formed from thin lava
shield volcanoes
volcanoes that are shaped like mountains, that have vents through which lava escapes
composite volcanoes
a volcano that has an oval shaped cone with a
bowl shaped crater at the top
cinder-cone volcano
Weathering that changes the rock into a new material.
Chemical Weathering
Explain how gravity can move weathered pieces of rock.
Rocks are moved by gravity from a high place to a low place. An example would be a landslide.
Explain how water can move weathered pieces of rock.
A river can move small pieces of rock downstream.
Explain how ice can move weathered pieces of rock.
Glaciers can erode land. It can carry pieces of rock with it.
Explain how wind can move weathered pieces of rock.
Wind can blow small pieces of rock from one place to another.
What causes a volcano?
When magma heats up and rises to the surface. Pressure builds up and can burst through the surface.