Urbanisation
Name one major Australian city affected by urbanisation.
Sydney, Brisbane or Melbourne
What are ‘pull factors’ in migration?
Conditions that attract people to a new place, such as better jobs, education, or safety.
What is ‘liveability’?
How suitable and comfortable a place is for people to live in, based on factors like safety, services, environment, and community.
What is one reason country towns are losing population?
Young people leaving for jobs or education in cities.
What is one way urbanisation can affect communities?
Increased population density (crowding).
What does ‘urbanisation’ mean?
The increase in the proportion of people living in cities compared to rural areas.
Name 2 push factors in migration.
War, crime, lack of jobs, natural disasters.
Name one factor that makes a place more liveable.
Access to parks and green spaces, good public transport, low crime, quality schools.
What is ‘urban sprawl’?
The expansion of cities into surrounding rural areas.
Name TWO environmental impacts of urban development.
Loss of green space, increased pollution, habitat destruction.
Name 3 positive effects on urbanisation.
More access to jobs, education, and healthcare.
What is the difference between voluntary and forced migration?
Voluntary migration is when people choose to move (for work, lifestyle), while forced migration is when people have to move due to conflict, persecution, natural disasters, or similar reasons.
Give two ways cities can improve liveability for residents.
Build more parks, improve public transport, increase affordable housing, reduce pollution.
Why did first settlers choose to settle in Sydney harbour?
The land was flat, close to a water source.
How can urbanisation can increase demand for housing and lead to social challenges?
More people moving into cities raises the demand for housing; this can cause shortages, higher prices, and increase homelessness or inequality.
How does urbanisation impact housing?
Urbanisation increases demand for housing, which can cause prices to rise and lead to shortages, especially for affordable housing.
Describe two challenges migrants may face when settling in a new place.
Migrants may face language barriers, difficulties finding jobs, adjusting to new cultures, or discrimination.
Discuss the importance of green spaces for liveability.
Green spaces provide recreation, improve mental health, reduce heat, and contribute to a pleasant environment.
Describe how urbanisation affects water and energy use in Australian cities.
Urbanisation increases demand for water and energy, sometimes leading to shortages or environmental concerns.
Describe one social impact of rapid urban growth.
Increased social inequality, overcrowding, or tensions between old and new residents.
Evaluate a major challenge facing rapidly growing cities, and propose one solution.
Up to teacher discretion - e.g. Overcrowding leads to housing shortages—solution: construct more high-density apartments or improve urban planning.
How can governments manage large-scale migration to avoid social or economic problems?
Up to teacher discretion - e.g. By providing support services (language classes, housing, jobs), creating clear immigration policies, and encouraging community integration.
How does liveability differ between cities and rural areas?
Cities may offer more services and opportunities, but have more noise and congestion; rural areas offer quieter lifestyles but may lack services.
How are Australian cities responding to problems caused by urbanisation?
By planning for sustainable growth, increasing public transport, protecting green spaces, and promoting affordable housing.
Explain how changing places can lead to conflicts within communities.
Different groups may disagree about development, loss of culture, housing costs, or how resources are used.