Carbon Compounds
Chemical reaction used to create large molecules from smaller ones
Condensation Reaction
Monomer of polysaccharides
Glucose
Building blocks of proteins
Amino Acids
Large, nonpolar organic molecules that include waxes & store more energy per gram than other organic compounds
Lipids
Monomer that makes up nucleic acids
Nucleotide
Reaction involved in the breakdown of polymers
Hydrolysis
Glucose, Fructose, & Galactose
Monosaccharides
The main difference in amino acids
Their R group
Monomer of Lipids
Fatty acid
Stores & transfers information from DNA
RNA
Four
Molecules with the same chemical formula but different structural forms
Isomers
The number of different amino acids found in the proteins that make up living systems
20
Unsaturated fatty acids contain this kind of bond between carbon atoms
Double bond
The most important function of a nucleic acid
A compound found in all cells that supplies the energy for cellular functions
ATP
The compound that's stored as glycogen in animals & starch in plants
Glucose
Basic structure of amino acids
Central carbon bonded to H, a carboxyl group (COOH), an amino group (NH2), and a R group
Lipid not composed of fatty acids
Steroid
The three components that make up nucleotides
A phosphate group, a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), and a nitrogenous base
Influences the characteristics of molecules
Functional group
The double sugar Sucrose
Disaccharide
The covalent bond that forms between two amino acids
Peptide bond
Hard at room temperature
Saturated fatty acids
What DNA stands for
Deoxyribonucleic acid