Ch. 7.4 Skeletal System Key Terms
forms the extremities and is composed of the shoulder girdle, arm bones, pelvic girdle, and leg bones.
appendicular skeleton
The long shaft is called the ..
Diaphysis
are made of membrane and cartilage, and turn into solid bone by approximately 18 months of age.
Fontnels
is a cavity in the diaphysis.
Medullary cavity
The outside of bone is covered with a tough membrane,
Periosteum
forms the main trunk of the body and is composed of the skull, spinal column, ribs, and breastbone.
axial skeleton
is a membrane that lines the medullary canal and keeps the yellow marrow intact.
Endosteum
are openings in bones that allow nerves and blood vessels to enter or leave the bone.
Foramina
palm of the hand
metacarpals
The bones of the fingers and toes
Phalanges
Small wrist bones
Carpals
and the two extremities, or ends, are each called an epiphysis.
Epiphysis
Upper arm
Humerus
instep of foot
Metatarsals
The lower-arm bone on the thumb side.
Radius
re attached to the manubrium by ligaments.
Clavicals
The thigh bone; the longest and strongest bone in the body.
Femur
are areas where two or more bones join together.
Joints
hip, bones
os coxae
is found in certain bones, such as the vertebrae, ribs, sternum, and cranium, and in the proximal ends of the humerus and femur
Red marrow
is the spherical structure that surrounds and protects the brain. It is made of eight bones: one frontal, two parietal, two temporal, one occipital, one ethmoid, and one sphenoid.
Cranium
The smaller lower-leg bone located beside the tibia.
Femur
Connective tissue bands, help hold long bones together at joints.
Ligaments
kneecap
Patella
The 12 pairs of bones that form the rib cage and protect the heart and lungs
Ribs