Ch. 7.4 Skeletal System Key Terms
appendicular skeleton
It forms the extremities and is composed of the shoulder girdle arm bones, pelvic girdle, and leg bones.
diaphysis
The two extremities on the ends.
fontanels
The “soft parts” that allow the enlargement of the skull when brain growth occurs.
medullary canal
A cavity in the diaphysis
periosteum
Contains blood vessels, lymph vessels, and osteoblasts
axial skeleton
Forms the main trunk of the body and is composed of the skull, spinal collum, ribs
endosteum
A membrane that lines with the medullary canal and keeps the yellow membrane in tact.
foramina
Openings in the bones that allow nerves and blood vessels to enter and leave the bone.
metacarpals
Palm of the hand.
phalanges
There are 3 on each finger and two on the thumb.
Carpals
The wrist
epiphysis
The two extremities or ends
humerus
The upper arm
metatarsals
Instep of foot
radius
Lower arm on thumb side that rotates around the ulna to allow the hand to turn freely.
clavicles
The Collarbone
femur
Thigh
joints
The areas where two or more bones join together.
os coxae
Coxal or hip bones.
red marrow
Is found in certain bones, such as the vertebrae, ribs, sternum, and cranium
cranium
The spherical structure that surrounds and protects the brain.
fibula
the slender small bone of the lower leg that attaches to the proximal end of the tibia
ligaments
Help hold long bones together at joints.
patella
The kneecap.
ribs
They attach to the thoracic vertebrae on the dorsal surface of the body.