Terms
Definition of kinesiology
the scientific study of movement
Name the two types of bone
cortical and cancellous
Which joint is considered the most mobile?
Ball and socket
Movements along the longitudinal axis occur in which plane?
Transverse or horizontal plane
What plane does Shoulder hyperextension occur in?
sagittal
Functional anatomy vs anatomy
Anatomy - the science of structure of the body
Functional anatomy- the study of the components needed to achieve human movement
Name the 4 classifications of bones
long, short, flat, irregular
How many degrees of freedom are allowed in a saddle joint?
2
Describe what the non-cardinal planes are used for.
Used in describe joint or limb movement
the ilium is classified as which type of bone?
flat
Kinematics vs Kinetics
Kinematics- is concerned with the characteristics of motion without reference to the forces causing the motions
Kinetics- is the area of study that examines the forces acting on a system
Name the 5 types of loads acting on bone
Compression, tension, shear, bending, torsion
What covers the end of the long bone in a joint?
Articular cartilage
Movements in a plane can occur around three points, name one
Joint Axis, Center of Gravity, and external axis
Name a movement descriptor that results in going past zero position
Hyper adduction, hyper extension
qualitative- is a nonnumeric evaluation of motion based on direct observation.
quantitative- is a numeric evaluation of the motion based on data collected during the performance.
Name the different functions of bone described in the chapter
support, attachment sites, leverage, protection, storage, and blood cell formation
Describe the difference between closed packed and loose packed position of a joint
Loose packed- any joint position outside of maximum compression due to less contact area between the two surfaces.
Name the 3 cardinal planes and their axis
Transverse or horizontal- longitudinal axis
sagittal - mediolateral axis
frontal or coronal - anteroposterior axis
What is the stress/strain curve?
A graph relating stress to strain. explains how a material changes due to stress. determines the elastic and plastic regions of that material. Notes the point that a material reaches it failure point.
Describe the difference between linear and angular motion
Linear motion- is movement along a straight or curved pathway in which all points on a body or an object move the same distance in the same amount of time
Angular Motion-is motion around some point so that different regions of the same body segment or object do not move through the same distance in a given amount of time.
Bone is an ansiotropic material, what does this mean?
means the behavior of bone varies with the direction of load application
7 types of diarthrodial joint, name 3.
plane or gliding, hinge, saddle, ball and socket, ellipsiod, pivot, condylar
Describe the specific movements that occur in each plane
Sagittal- flexion and extension,
Frontal- adduction, abduction, trunk lateral flexion,
transverse- rotation
In the kicking motion of a ball, what is the contralateral leg doing?
providing a pivot point and stabilization.