Cell Functions
manufactures proteins
Ribosomes
serves as a support for the body
skeletal system
the first stage of mitosis, where the replicated DNA within the nucleus condenses into visible, x shaped structures called chromosomes
Prophase
Digest and recycle used molecules
lysosomes
The 3-part phase is where a cell spends most of its life, growing and preparing for division.
Interphase
manufacture energy for the cell
Mitochondrion
Hormones secreted by glands in the _________ system
Endocrine system
Where chromosomes condense and align at the cell's center, forming the metaphase plate, with each sister chromatid attached to microtubules from opposite poles of the cell
Metaphase
gel-like medium for cell organelles to reside in, facilitating metabolic reactions like glycolysis, supporting cell shape and transport via the cytoskeleton, and serving as a buffer to protect cell components from damage.
Cytoplasm
Stage of interphase where the cell carries out its normal functions and grows in size
G1 phase
assemble and package cellular products
Golgi Bodies
Breaks down food into tiny nutrient molecules that the body can absorb and use for energy, growth, and repair
Digestive System
Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell, pulled by spindle fibers
Anaphase
hollow rigid rods found in eukaryotic cells that play a key role in cell structure and movement. They are made of tubulin proteins and are a major part of the cytoskeleton. They have several functions including, cell shape, cell division, cell movement, organelle transport.
Microtubules
Phase of interphase where the cell's DNA is replicated in preparation for mitosis
S phase
Controls all cell activity
Nucleus
Allows for locomotion
Produces heat
Maintains posture
Muscular System
the final stage of mitosis and meiosis, where chromosomes reach the cell poles, decondense back into chromatin, and two new nuclear membranes from around them, creating two distinct daughter nuclei.
Telophase
Breaking down very long chain fatty acids, initiating the synthesis of plasmalogens, neutralizing reactive oxygen species like hydrogen peroxide through the enzyme catalase, and playing roles in immune signaling, cell signaling, and the detoxification of various poisons
Peroxisomes
If a cell with irreparable DNA damage proceeds through the cell cycle, it can lead to this uncontrolled proliferation of cells
Cancer
The network of membranes within a cell that synthesizes proteins and lipids, modifies proteins through folding and quality control, transports these materials throughout the cell, and stores and releases calcium ions for cellular processes like muscle contraction.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Forms the external body covering, protects deeper tissue from injury
Integumentary System
The end result of mitosis is the production of two genetically identical cells, which are also known as these.
daughter cells
Ensure the correct and equal segregation of chromosomes during cell division
Centromeres
This is the division of the cytoplasm that occurs after the nucleus has divided
Cytokinesis