Epidemiology in Public Health
When a program creates a wanted effect for those who participate compared to those who do not.
What is Efficacy?
An individual who has a certain disease, disorder, injury, or condition.
What is Case?
The cause of the disease. These include bacteria, viruses, molds, parasites, etc.
What is Agent?
A nonliving object that is capable fo disease transmission and harbors infectious agents. Some example include clothing, door handles, utensils, etc.
What is Fomite?
What is Direct Transmission?
When a program creates benefits for those who are offered it.
What is Effectiveness?
A set of criteria that confirms the consistent diagnoses of cases.
What is Case Definition?
A human or animal that is susceptible to the disease. These include patients, workers in the medical field, and people who are not vaccinated.
What is Host?
An invertebrate animal that is able to transmit infection by conveying the infectious agent from one host to another. Some examples include ticks, mites, mosquitos, etc.
What is a Vector?
When an infectious agent is transferred or carried by an item or organism and causes disease. Some examples include water, food, dust, air currents, etc.
What is Indirect Transmission?
The occurrence of cases of health-related events that is more than the normal expectancy among a community or region.
What is Epidemic?
The first disease case within the population of an epidemic.
What is Primary Case?
Surroundings/conditions beyond humans or animals that are the cause of disease transmission.
What is Environment?
A living or nonliving habitat which an infectious agent depends on for survival which it lives, grows, and multiplies.
What is Reservoir?
When droplets or dust particles transfer the pathogen to the host which results in infections such as respiratory viruses, pneumonia, rubella, etc. Some causes may be from coughing, sneezing, talking, etc. These droplets go into the air and are breathed by susceptible hosts.
What is Airborne Transmission?
An epidemic that affects the population of different regions, countries, or continents.
What is Pandemic?
What is Index Case?
The period of time the host or pathogen is expected to live; how long the illness or condition is expected to last.
What is Time?
A nonliving thing that convey infectious agents from its reservoir to a susceptible host. Some examples include fomites, food, or water.
What is Vehicle?
The conveying of an infection agent from an arthropod. These arthropods include mosquitos, fleas, etc, which may cause diseases such as malaria.
What is Vector-borne transmission?
The ongoing, usual, or constant presence of a disease within a community or group of people.
What is Endemic?
A person or a group of people who are showing all the symptoms of a disease but has not yet been diagnosed of having it.
What is Suspect Case?
A traditional model for infectious disease which proposes the disease causation.
What is Epidemiology Triangle?
An infectious organisms in animals that may transmit to humans from direct contact. This includes rabies, ebola, influenza, etc.
What is Zoonosis?
When a pathogen goes through changes which is a part of its life cycle. This occurs inside the host/vector before it transmits to a new host.
What is Biological Transmission?