States of Matter
What Is Matter?
Anything that has mass and takes up space by having volume.
According to the particle theory, particles of a substance will move faster when this physical property increases.
Temperature
Found on the periodic table, this type of pure substance cannot be broken down into different matter by chemical means, with examples including gold and silver.
An element.
This type of physical property is a characteristic of a substance that is not measured and does not have a numerical value, such as colour or odour
Qualitative property.
This type of change occurs when particles of two or more substances are rearranged to form a new substance.
Chemical Change
What is a solid?
A phase where atoms stay tightly packed together and keep a fixed shape and volume.
his state of matter has an organized particle arrangement, a fixed shape, cannot be compressed, and experiences the strongest forces between particles.
A solid.
Water, glucose, and carbon dioxide are examples of this type of pure substance made from two or more elements chemically combined together in a fixed ratio.
A compound.
This type of physical property is measured and always has a numerical value, with examples including mass, temperature, and height.
Quantitative property.
This is a characteristic of a substance that is determined when its composition is changed and one or more new substances are produced.
Chemical property
What are liquids?
A state of matter that flows freely, maintains a fixed volume, and takes the shape of its container
Containing only one type of particle, examples of this type of matter include distilled water, carbon dioxide, and pure iron
A pure substance.
This type of mixture is not uniform in composition, meaning its particles are distributed non-uniformly and its distinct parts are often visible.
Described as shininess or dullness, this useful physical property can be categorized as having either high or low levels of it.
Chopping onions, shredding paper, sanding wood, and dissolving salt in water are examples of this type of change.
Physical change
What is a gas?
A gas is a state of matter that has no fixed shape and no fixed volume.
This specific type of mixture features substances that cannot be visually distinguished, making it look like a pure substance—with stainless steel (an alloy) being a prime example.
A solution.
Bronze, a metal created by mixing two or more metallic elements like copper and tin, is a prime example of this type of uniform homogeneous mixture.
Terms like transparent, translucent, and opaque are used to describe this specific physical property that determines how well a substance lets light through.
Optical Clarity
This specific physical change occurs when matter transitions directly from a solid state to a gas state.
Sublimation/vaporization
What is plasma
The fourth state of matter; superheated ionized gas.
In this specific type of mixture, you can visually distinguish the different substances, such as in cereal or a Caesar salad.
A mechanical mixture.
This effect uses a laser to scatter light off fine particles, making a visible trail of light that helps distinguish a suspension from a solution.
This property measures a substance's ability to be pulled into wires, making substances like copper highly useful for electrical wiring.
Ducility
Bubbles forming, a new colour appearing, heat or light being released or absorbed, and a new odour being produced are all signs of this.
Chemical change/reaction