Ethical Experiences
True or false: what is unethical is not always illegal
true
When did Aristotle pass away?
322 BC
What type of certainty did Kant believe people use in ethical situations? What are the 3 principles this certainty is divided into?
practical certainty, used and divided into God, freedom and immorality.
What is the term that is used to summarize Levinas' overall philosophy?
ethics precedes ontology.
Aristotle said, "Humans are rational animals, and we must base our actions, as much as possible, on reasoning." True or false?
true.
what are the four ethical experiences?
The scream, the obligation, the intolerable, the other/beggar.
Who was Aristotles mentor? How were their views different?
Plato. Plato was focused on abstraction and the world of ideas while, Aristotle explored the natural world and human experience. Aristotle also relied on observation with hands-on experiences while, Plato's theories came from contemplation and reflection. They saw the world differently however, Aristotle had the greatest respect for his teacher.
How does good will relate to moral maxims?
Kant believed that good will acts as motivation for our actions. When we fulfil a duty, we can achieve good from within. Moral maxims are the guiding principles that allow this to happen.
Levinas rejected what traditional philosophical notion?
metaphysical.
what is the difference between morality and ethics?
ethics is the good that humans tend towards. Morality is the ways in which people attain this good.
what is the name of the reaction provoked by the scream?
fight or flight.
What does Aristotle say the purpose of education is?
Aristotle says, the purpose of education is to produce a good man, that learns society's guidelines and lives by them.
What two reasonings that explain why knowing the effects of alcohol consumption on the body stops people from drinking and driving?
Theoretical and practical reasoning.
Levinas believes the starting point of existence is?
personal ethical responsibility.
What philosopher rediscovered Aristotle allowing him to have a place in the development of Catholic ethical theory? Bonus 10 points if you guess when the person lived till.
Thomas Aquinas, Italian philosopher (AD 1225-1274).
Your parents tell you to be home by midnight. Which ethical experience is this an example of?
the obligation.
What does Aristotle believe is at the core of ethics?
political intent.
What type of ethics is Kant's?
Duty ethics (Deontological ethics).
Why does Levinas emphasize the importance of ones face?
Represents the living presence of another person.
When Aristotle established his school he wrote extensively on certain subjects. Which did he not write about?
a. zoology
b. theology
c. cosmetology
d. astronomy
c. cosmetology
Why is “the intolerable” an “experience of contrast”?
The event of violence and injustice contrasts with what you expect from others.
How does Aristotle divide the virtues and what does Aristotle say about them?
moral virtues and intellectual. Moral virtues are developed through habit. while Intellectual are developed through teaching and instruction.
True or False: A simple act of kindness is the same as what Kant described as somebody’s moral duty.
False, simple acts of kindness are different from what Kant described. Kant believed that someone’s moral duty and obligation are an expression of good will. Simple acts of kindness are usually spontaneous and not as objective.
Whats the concept Levinas uses to oppose western entirety?
singularity.
True or False: The supreme good cannot be achieved in humans alone?
True, Kant believed that the supreme good cannot be achieved through humans alone. Since, this is beyond our capabilities the existence of God allows humans to obtain the supreme good.