Political People
1st Republican President, 16th President of the US from 1861-1865
Abraham Lincoln
Famous abolitionist who escaped slavery and became a widely read author
Frederick Douglas
Amendment that abolished slavery
13th
Lincoln's plan of forgiveness to bring the country back together and heal the Union
Lincoln's 10% plan OR Lincoln's Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction
Also known as Black Codes, these laws were used mostly in Southern states to prevent Africa-Americans from using their new rights
Jim Crow Laws
Why was Sharecropping a bad system for African-Americans and poor white?
They kept so little of the money and crop after repaying all their loans they were kept in poverty and couldn't escape
Assassinated Abraham Lincoln
John Wilkes Booth
African-American activist who said they should work hard and show they were worthy of equal rights
Booker T. Washington
Amendment that prohibits discrimination in voting based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude
15th
Bill created by Radical Republicans meant to punish the south for the war and slavery
Wade-Davis Bill
A hate group created after the Civil War in Tennessee that harassed blacks and white republicans across the south that still exists today
KKK
Why was tenant farming superior to Sharecropping?
18th President, Republican, Civil War hero
Ulysses S. Grant
African-American activist who demanded immediate action and rights for African-Americans
WEB DuBois
Amendment that gave African-Americans Citizenship and all people equality before the law
14th
The constitutional process of removing a president from office for wrongdoing
Impeachment
An intentionally impossible reading and writing test meant to keep African-Americans from voting
Literacy Test
When and where was Abraham Lincoln assassinated?
April 14, 1865, at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C.
Democrat and Lincoln's Vice President. Became 17th President after Lincoln was assassinated
Andrew Johnson
White Southerners who joined the Republican Party during reconstruction, seen as traitors
Scalawags
Established the legal doctrine of "Separate but Equal," that ruled segregation was ok as long as the separate facilities for the races were equal
Plessy v. Ferguson
Impeached
If African-Americans in southern states did not have an employment contract, they would be considered a vagrant and arrested
Vagrancy Laws
What Controversy surrounded the Election of 1876?
The votes were too close to count
19th President following the election of 1876 and Compromise of 1877
Rutherford B. Hayes
Northerners who moved to the South seeking opportunity after the Civil War
Carpetbaggers
this 1954 cases ruled that segregation in education was inherently unequal and paved the way for undoing segregation across American society
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS
Vetoed by Johnson, it created nationwide civil rights after Congress overrode a presidential veto for the first time ever
Civil Rights Act of 1866
A fee to vote, meant to keep poor blacks and whites from voting
Poll Tax
What event effectively ended Reconstruction
Compromise of 1877
Samuel Tilden
Southern Democrats who undid the progress of Reconstruction
Redeemers
This amendment which banned poll taxes, a type of Jim Crow Law, was ratified in 1964 during the Civil Rights Movement
24th
Allowed President Grant to use the military to enforce the rights of African-Americans
KKK Act
A type of Jim Crow Law, it stated if your ancestor had been enslaved before 1867, you could not vote, even if you had never been a slave
Grandfather Clause
Why is Reconstruction widely considered to have failed?
All the progress made between 1865 and 1877 was undone by the Redeemers in the South through Jim Crow Laws
Made it a felony to interfere with someone's ability to vote (Voter suppression)
Enforcement Act
What was one thing Johnson did that he is criticized for during reconstruction
_ Johnson did not believe in granted African-Americans rights from the US government, left it up to each state
- Pardoned many former confederates, allowing them to regain power in the South and oppose equality for African-Americans
- Vetoed many Congressional bills efforts in reconstruction