Organ Systems
Function is to provide structure, support, and move the trunk and limbs by contracting and producing heat
Muscular
Define homeostasis
A dynamic state of body equilibrium; internal conditions of the body stay the same
Armpit
Buttocks
Shoulder Blade
Axillary
Gluteal
Scapular
Performed criminal vivisections; 1st record of A & P
Herophilus
Levels of organization from least to most complex
Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism
What is the function of the digestive system?
Provide 2 organs found in the digestive system.
Stores/digests food; absorbs nutrients
Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Pharynx
Nervous & Endocrine
Sural
Crural
Fibular
Calf
Leg (whole)
Lateral part of leg
Edward Jenner
Define Anatomy and Physiology
Anatomy- the study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts and their relationship to each other
Physiology-the study of how the body and its parts function
What is the function of the Lymphatic system?
Provide 2 organs from the Lymphatic system.
Provides protection against infection and disease; picks up leaked fluids from blood vessels and returns it to the blood
Spleen, WBCs, Thymus, Lymph Nodes, Lymph Vessels
Name one advantage and one disadvantage of homeostasis
Advantage: maintain steady internal conditions even though external conditions may change; specialization
Disadvantage: hard work; uses energy
Lumbar
Antecubital
Sternal
Plantar
Area of back between ribs and hips
Anterior elbow
Breastbone
Sole of the foot
Described blood circulation--systemic vs pulmonary
William Harvey
Which scientist is famous for his work with chemotherapy and cures of syphilus and diphtheria?
Paul Erhlich
What is the function of the Endocrine System?
Provide 2 organs from the Endocrine System.
Maintains homeostasis--metabolism, growth, reproduction--by releasing hormones
Thymus gland, Thyroid gland, Pancreas, Adrenal gland
Compare and Contrast Negative vs. Positive Feedback
Negative: more common; stabilizing; reverses the direction of the change; maintains homeostasis
Positive: less common; destabilizing; amplifies the change
Thigh
Posterior elbow
Neck
Anterior knee
Point of shoulder
Femoral
Olecranal
Cervical
Patellar
Acromial
Described the glands of the body--submaxillary (saliva) and umbilical cord jelly
Thomas Wharton
Name and explain the 3 planes/sections of the body.
Sagittal (mid-sagittal)--longitudinal; cuts body into left and right sides; use terms medial and lateral
Coronal (frontal)--longitudinal; cuts body into anterior and posterior sides
Transverse--horizontal; cuts body into superior and inferior sides
What is the function of a) Integumentary System? b) Circulatory System?
Provide 2 organs from a)Integumentary System b) Circulatory System
a) Serves as a barrier to protect against pathogens/injuries. Skin, Hair, Nails
b) Brings oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, and chemicals to and from all body tissues. Heart, Blood, Blood Vessels--Arteries, Veins, Capillaries
Name and explain the 3 components of the Homeostatic Control Mechanism
1. Receptor = detects stimuli
2. Control Center = determines appropriate response
3. Effector = provides means for response
The wrist is _________ to the hand
The breastbone is _________ to the spine
The brain is ___________ to the spinal cord
The thumb is _________ to the fingers
The nose is _________ to the forehead
Anterior
Superior
Lateral
Inferior
The scientist who introduced the concept of homeostasis and the one who coined the term
Claude Bernard
Walter Bradford Cannon
Explain Anatomical Position and why we use it
Anatomical Position = 1. stand erect 2. feet together (no more than shoulder width apart) 3. eyes, toes, face forward 4. arms at sides 5. palms of hands forward
It's a standard/reference