Lesson 1: The Early Middle Ages
What is an autocrat?
Single ruler with absolute power
What was Chivalry?
Code of conduct accepted by knights
What was Anti-Semitism?
Prejudice against Jewish people
What were guilds?
Collection of workers
What is common law?
Laws apply to everyone in the kingdom
What was Justinian's Code?
Massive collection of Roman laws decreed by assemblies and emperors
What were serfs?
Workers bound to land
What was Canon Law?
Collection of church laws and courts controlled by the Church
What were the Crusades?
Holy war between Muslims and Christians for control of the Middle East
What was the Magna Carta?
Legal document that secured rights for citizens
Medieval culture is a mixture of
Greek, Roman, Germanic, and Christian traditions.
What were Troubadours?
Traveling musicians
What were sacraments?
Holy rituals required to achieve salvation
What was the Reconquista?
Catholic conquest of Spain
Frederick Barbarossa was the Emperor of the
Holy Roman Empire
Who was Charlemagne?
Emperor of the Romans in the early middle ages
Who held all legal and economic power in the manorial system?
The Monarch
What 3 vows did monks take under Benedictine Rule?
1) Obedience
2) Chastity
3) Poverty
How did guilds affect everyday life?
By passing laws and levying taxes.
Guilds decided how public goods would be shared
What is due process of law? What document established due process of law in medieval England?
you must be tried by a jury of your peers, the Magna Carta
Why did Vikings expand into Charlemagne's empire?
Overpopulation
how did Eleanor of Aquitaine become the Queen of England and France?
Through marriage
What was the result of the Great Schism of 1054
Permanent split between Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic church
How did the Inquisition help the Reconquista?
Charged people of heresy and then exiled them
What were the 3 classes that were part of the Estates General?
Clergy, nobles, townspeople