Statistical Terms
A characteristic of interest or attribute that can assume different values
What is Variable
Consists of the collection, organization, summarization, and presentation of data (Ex: average, range, median, maximum, minimum, etc)
What is Descriptive statistics
Classifies data into mutually exclusive categories in which no order or ranking can be imposed on the data (QUALITATIVE)
What is Nominal
All members of the populations have an equal chance of being selected.
What is Random sample
Researcher draws conclusions based on observation
What is Observational study
The values that a variable can assume
What is Data
Consists of generalizing from samples to populations, performing estimations and hypothesis tests, determining relationships among variables, and making predictions.
What is Inferential statistics
Classifies data into categories the can be ranked, but precise differences between the ranks dont exist (QUALITATIVE)
What is Ordinal
Obtained by selection of every kth member of the population where k is a counting number.
What is Systematic sample
Researcher manipulates one of the variables and tries to determine how the manipulation influences other variable of interest. Includes independent and dependent variables.
What is Experimental study
Consists of all subjects that are studied
What is Population
A conclusion reached based on the basis of evidence and reasoning
What is Inference
Ranks data, and precise difference between units of measure do exist; however, there is not meaningful zero (QUANTITATIVE)
What is Interval
Obtained by dividing the population into subgroups(strata) according to some characteristic relevant to the study. Then the subjects are randomly selected from each subgroup.
Receives special instructions, a special treatment
What is Treatment group
Data collected from a population
What is Census
Variables that have distinct categories according to some characteristics or attribute (categoircal/non-numeric)
Ex: hair color, marital status, religion, etc
What is Qualitative variables
Possesses all the characteristics of interval measurement, and there exists a true zero. In addition, true ratios exist when the same variable is measured on teo different members of the population (QUANTITATIVE)
What is Ratio
Obtained by dividing the population into sections or clusters and then selecting one or more clusters and using all the members in the clusters as the members of the sample
What is Cluster sample
Receives no special treatment or instruction
What is Control group
A subset of a population (must be representative of population)
What is Sample
Variables that can be counted, calculated or measured
Ex: number of cars, number of students, weight, income
What is Quantitative variables
* A number defined as a class which a data value would be placed before the data value was rounded.
What is Boundary
Sample researcher uses subjects who are convenient (mall sampling or internet sampling)
What is Convenience sample
*
1. Assume values can be counted
2. Assume an infinite number of values between any two specific values. They are obtained by measuring. They often include fractions and/or decimals.
What is (1)Discrete and (2)Continuous variables