Worldviews
What are the two main words that worldview is defined by?
Values and Beliefs
The Crusades were a series of religious wars between _______ and __________.
Christians and Muslims.
True or False: Socio-economic classes in this time period were very rigid and hard to break out of.
True
Define urbanization.
The movement of people from farms to cities.
Which Italian city-states were rivals with one another in terms of trading?
Genoa and Venice were rivals.
This was the center of most peasants worldviews in the Middle Ages
God and Religion
Which countries did the Silk Road trading network stretch across?
Europe, North Africa, and Asia.
Why did nobles submit to the king? What was in it for them?
If nobles gave kings taxes and soldiers, they would receive land in return.
Name two reasons that many peasants were moving from rural environments to urban environments.
1. The Black Death had devastated their populations, so many peasants moved to find work opportunities.
2. Nobles and wealthier individuals went to cities for trading opportunities and to make more money.
How did the walls surrounding Genoa affect Genoan's worldviews?
A belief that outsiders were bad, could harm them, could steal from them perhaps.
What innovation helped ideas spread very quickly during the Renaissance?
Gutenberg's Printing Press
Although trade goods were a popular commodity, what else was 'traded' on the Silk Road?
Ideas and inventions (i.e. astrolabes, algebra, the water wheel/irrigation)
Diseases were traded or passed on as well.
This was a protest against the practices of the Church that began in the Renaissance period.
The Protestant Reformation
List two reasons why Italian cities enjoyed relative stability and created conditions where the Renaissance could flourish.
1. They had northern mountains that protected them from invaders.
2. Feudalism was not as strong of a system in Italy, compared to other European countries.
3. The Pope moved locations from Italy to France, which weakened the power of the papacy.
4. They were a hub of trade, and grew wealthy economically.
Why did Genoa become an important city-state?
They had a strong navy, they were an important trading city, their location was strong because it was in the midst of the Silk Road trading routes - many other people were stopping and trading there, so they became more powerful.
An intellectual movement that led to the study of worldly subjects, such as math, sciences, and arts.
Humanism
Who were the women, men, and children who visited holy sites? What were they called?
Pilgrims
What were two ways that monarchs acquired nobles to support them?
1. The monarch granted land to important nobles in return for military support.
2. Nobles were persuaded through diplomacy to form alliances and give support to a central monarch.
A state in which power is held by the people or their representatives.
Republic
Which family took control of Florence?
The Medici Family
Why was the Pope so important in Middle Ages Europe?
1. He was the head of the Catholic Church
2. He ruled both the Church and the papal state
3. He had a major influence on kings, kingdoms, and people's beliefs and actions.
Explain in your own words why the Black Death or Bubonic Plague was an important event in shaping worldviews.
Answers may vary.
People accepted their social status in great part because of a belief that their situation was God's will, and his will was not to be questioned. This belief is called _______________.
Predestination
By the 14th century, most of the Italian republican governments had failed and the city-states were usually ruled by ________ or by __________.
Despots and Oligarchies
Although Genoa had once been a republic, they became powerful again after being ruled by a dictator. What was this dictator's name?
Andrea Doria.