Chapter 10 & 13 Review

Legal Terms (Table 10-1)

100

The alleged victim in a civil case

Plantiff

200

Failure to perform at a minimally acceptable level established to protect the public

Negligence

300

Defamatory (untrue) statements that are delivered via written communication

Libel

400

An event that unforeeably causes another event to occur. May limit a defendant's liability.

Proximate cause

500

Also known as sine qua non. But for this cause, another event could not have happened

Actual Cause

Research Tools & Outcome Measures (Table 13-5)

100

The ability of a tool to measure what it is supposed to measure

Validity

200

The consistency with which a tool gives the same result with repeated use

Instrument Reliability

300

The consistency of scores in the same measurement taken by the same clinician

Intra-rater Reliability

400

A high amount of this means there are very few False Negatives (when someone with the condition tests negatively)

Specificity

500

A PT and PTA provide a Tinetti to a patient, the PT gives the patient a 8/28 and the PTA gives the patient a 20/28.

An example of poor Inter-rater Reliability

Research Results & Analysis 1 (Table 13-4)

100

The middle score in a set of numerical data 

Median

200

This occurs because of the presence of one or more outliers that are unusually lower than the rest of the data

Negative Skewness

300

The number of all subjects in a study - even those who are noncompliant or drop out

Intent to Treat 

400

The P Value threshold for an outcome to be "statistically significant"

0.05

500

0.8-1.0 is considered "large"

Effect size

Results 2 & Hierarchy of Evidence (13-2 &13-4)

100

The lowest form of evidence on the hierarchy

Expert Opinion OR Experience

200

Abbreviation for the study in which we randomly assigned participants to one of two groups with only one group receiving the interventions

RTC

300

Ax example would be a study tracking recurrence rates of hip fractures for patients who like to ride bicycles

Cohort Studies

400

Analyzing multiple studies already performed in a subject area, then classifying them in terms of quality

Systematic Review

500

There is a 5% probability that the study's results occurred by chance

P Value of 0.05%

Research Methods (Table 13-3)

100

The number of participants in a study.

"N"

200

The overall group for which a study applies.

Population

300

A subgroup of the population chosen because we can easily study it

Convience Sample

400

What makes the experimental group different from the control group

Indpendent variable

500

The change being measured in a PICO question (the answer is NOT "Outcome")

Dependant Variable