Motivation
Define Motivation
A stimulus or force that can direct the way we behave, think, and feel.
What is emotion?
A psychological state includes a subjunctive or inner experience.
List Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs in order from most basic.
Physiological, safety, love and belongingness, esteem, self actualization, and self transcendence
What scientist was mainly responsible for the Hierarchy of Needs?
Abraham Maslow
What is the instinct theory?
a variety of instincts motivate human behavior, curiosity, flight, and aggressiveness
The motivation that comes from the consequences that exist outside of the person.
Extrinsic Motivation
What happens when the lateral hypothalamus is activated?
Appetite increases
What is the James-Lange theory?
The stimulus initiates the experience of a physiological/behavioral reaction, and this reaction leads to emotion.
Henry Murray was responsible for what theory?
Need for Achievement
What is the "point" happiness tends to fluctuate around?
What is intrinsic motivation?
The drive/urge to continue a behavior because of internal reinforcers.
How do emotions differ from mood?
Emotions tend to be strong, but don't last as long as moods, and they generally have an identifiable cause. Moods are long and have no set start or end point.
How does the self-determination theory relate to motivation?
Implies humans are born with motivation for competence, relatedness, and autonomy, which drive us in the directions of growth.
What two scientists did an experiment on what happens when an inflatable balloon is swallowed?
Walter Cannon and A.L. Washburn
A drive to control and influence others
Need for Power
What motivation theory explains why humans eat when they are hungry?
Drive-Reduction Theory
Framework or guidelines for when, how, and where emotion is expressed.
Display rules
Define the Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion
Environmental stimuli are the starting point for emotions, and physiological or behavioral responses occur at the same time emotions are left.
What two scientists created the theory of emotion that describes a physiological response and emotion happen the same time after a stimulus?
Walter Cannon and Philip Bard
What happens when the ventromedial hypothalamus is activated?
Appetite decreases
How does the drive-reduction theory differ from the arousal theory?
Drive reduction suggests that humans are driven to maintain homeostasis, to fulfill basic needs. Arousal theory suggests humans seek the optimal level of arousal.
What happens to your body when it is put into a fear-provoking situation?
Sensory information enters the hypothalamus and either goes to the cortex or straight to the amygdala. Amygdala conveys information to enable body to respond.
The theory of emotion that says the experience of emotion is the result of physiological arousal and a cognitive label for this physiological state.
Schachter-Singer Theory
What scientist was responsible for the cognitive appraisal approach?
Richard Lazarus
The polygraph is used to determine if someone is lying by measuring the:
physiological arousal of an individual