El Salvador - La Matanza (1932)
By the 1930s, this crop accounted for over 90% of El Salvador's exports, deepening the economic inequality
Coffee
What Brazilian leader came to power in a military coup that ended the old republic?
Getúlio Vargas
How long did the Pan American Coffee Bureau have to find a solution to price differentials and export quotas?
60 days
During the Great Depression, coffee elites in Central America relied heavily on this country's capital and political support
The United States
Who encountered the burning coffee first from a low-flying airplane?
Journalist Heinrich Jacob
This Salvadoran dictator ordered the brutal repression following the 1932 uprising.
Maximiliano Hernández Martinez
Brazil traded coffee for what American surplus product?
Wheat
Who backed up Brazil at the annual meeting of the Associated Coffee Industries of America (now the NCA)
This Guatemalan dictator, who took power in 1931, crushed dissent through imprisonment and execution.
Jorge Ubico
How many bags was Brazil burning at a time in 1937?
17.2 million bags of coffee
During the massacre, wearing this became effectively a death sentence in some regions.
What were the price maintenance agreement prices set at?
Colombian Manizales: 12 cents/pound and Brazilian Santos: 10.5 cents/pound
This Honduran dictator expanded coffee production but was considered less brutal than his regional counterparts.
Tiburcio Carías Andino
In Brazil, the minister of public works authorized a project to do what?
Approximately this many Indigenous peasants were killed within weeks during La Matanza
Why did the Paulistas rebel against Vargas?
What did Brazil threaten to do at the Havana conference?
Drop its entire coffee support program.
In Nicaragua, this leader rose to power after the assassination of rebel Augusto César Sandino.
Anastasio Somoza Garcia
What was the government of Brazil attempting to achieve for the market by burning their coffee surplus?
Reverting the market to function under supply and demand.
On January 22, 1932, this Communist leader helped organize the uprising in western El Salvador
Agustín Farabundo Martí
What "practice" made Vargas different from other dictators?
Moderation rather than terror.
What was a primary reason for the Latin American countries to consider a quota system?
Increasing threat from the African colonies
Unlike its neighbors, this Central American country avoided dictatorship during the Depression and used legislative compromise instead.
Costa Rica
Who concluded Brazil no longer needed to burn coffee?
Brazilian representative Eurico Penteado