Vocabulary
The process by which cells become specialized.
What is differentiation?
The larger a cell becomes, more demands are placed on this.
What is DNA?
The in-between period of growth, where cells replicate DNA and grow.
What is interphase?
The process that prokaryotes use to divide.
What is binary fission?
These are the two types of stem cells.
What are embryonic and adult?
Tightly packaged bundles of DNA.
What are chromosomes?
Offspring of this inherit some of their genetic information from each parent.
What is sexual reproduction?
The phase of the cell cycle where DNA replicates.
What is S phase?
These two processes work together to divide cells.
What are mitosis and cytokinesis?
These types of cells do not respond to the signals that regulate the growth of most cells.
What are cancer cells?
The programmed death of a cell.
Apoptosis.
The production of genetically identical offspring from a single parent.
What is asexual reproduction?
These are the four stages of the cell cycle.
What are G1, S, G2, M (cell division)?
If a cell has extra nuclei, this step of cell division likely did not occur.
What is cytokinesis?
After 4 days of development, a human embryo will turn into this.
These cells are able to turn into any type of cell in the body.
What are totipotent cells?
The decrease in the ratio of this to volume can create serious problems for the cell.
What is surface area?
This disappears at the beginning of cell division and reappears at the end.
What is nuclear membrane/envelope?
The four phases of mitosis, in order.
What are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase?
Structures located in animal cells that contain spindle fibers used in cell division.
What are centrioles?
What is a centromere?
The process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells.
What is cell division?
DNA coils around these to form nucleosomes, to form part of a chromatid.
What are histones?
The phase where chromosomes condense and become visible.
What is prophase?
This forms in a plant cell during cytokinesis.
What is a cell plate?