Key People
Who invented the cotton gin?
Eli Whitney
What is the name for people who worked to make slavery illegal?
Abolitionists
What was the first battle of the Civil War?
Fort Sumter
Which battle was the turning point of the war won by the North?
The Battle of Gettysburg
What were two results of the Civil War?
The Union was preserved and slavery ended
Who was the sixteenth President of the United States?
Abraham Lincoln
What secret network helped enslaved people escape to freedom?
The Underground Railroad
What announcement said slaves would be free in states fighting the Union?
The Emancipation Proclamation
Why was the Battle of Vicksburg important?
It gave the Union control of the Mississippi River and split the Confederacy
What mail route ran from Missouri to California on horseback?
The Pony Express
Who founded the American Red Cross?
Clara Barton
What 1820 compromise dealt with the balance of slave and free states?
The Missouri Compromise
Who led the Confederate army?
Robert E. Lee
Why was the Battle of Vicksburg important?
Appomattox Court House, Virginia
What railroad connected the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean?
The Transcontinental Railroad
Who was the leader of the Union army?
Ulysses S. Grant
Why did Southern planters begin owning more slaves?
Because the cotton gin made cotton farming more profitable, increasing the demand for slave labor.
Why did Southern states decide to leave the Union?
They believed states had the right to leave the Union and wanted to protect slavery
Which Union general captured Atlanta and marched “to the sea”?
William Tecumseh Sherman
How did the transcontinental railroad benefit people in the East and the West?
It made travel faster, improved trade, and helped settlers and businesses grow
Who was the actor who assassinated President Lincoln?
John Wilkes Booth
How did Northerners respond to the growing number of slaveholders in the South?
Many Northerners opposed slavery and supported abolitionists and laws to limit slavery’s spread
How did Lincoln’s election affect relations between the North and South?
Lincoln’s election made Southern states fear slavery would be stopped, leading to the South seceding.
How did control of the Mississippi River help the Union win the war?
It cut off Southern supply routes and divided the Confederacy
What school was started by Booker T. Washington in Alabama?
Tuskegee Institute