Scientists
This scientist worked on a system of classification for all types of organisms known at the time (1700s)
Carolus Linnaeus
The difference in physical traits of an individual from those of other individuals
Variation
A measure of the ability to survive and produce more offspring relative to other members of a population in a given environment
Fitness
The study of distribution of organisms around the world
biogeography
The theory that states that slow changes over a long period of time result in the landforms that we see on Earth
gradualism
A respected English doctor and poet, proposed that all living things were descended from a common ancestor. 65 years later his idea was expanded upon by his grandson
Erasmus Darwin
A feature that allows an organism to better survive in an environment
Adaptation
All the individuals of a species that live in an area
Population
Features that are similar in structure but appear in different organisms and have different functions
Homologous structures
Geological processes that shape the Earth are uniform through time
Uniformitarianism
French Naturalist of the 1700s, challenged many of the accepted ideas of the day, proposed that species shared common ancestors. Rejected the idea that the earth was 6000 years old.
Buffon
The process by which humans change a species by breeding it for certain traits
Artificial selection
True or false
Natural selection acts on existing variation- New alleles are not made by natural selection
True
Features that perform a similar function but are not similar in origin
Analogous structures
Traces of organism that existed in the past
Fossils
This scientist proposed that all scientists evolve towards perfection and complexity. He said changes in the environment caused an organism's behavior to change leading to greater use or disuse of a structure or organ.
Lamarck
The ability of a trait to be passed down from one generation to the next.
Heritability
True or false
New alleles are made by mutations
True
Remnants of organs or structures that had a function in an early ancestor
Vestigial structures
The study of fossils or extinct organisms
Paleontology
British scientist who formed the Theory of Natural Selection in the 1830s.
Charles Darwin
A mechanism by which individuals have inherited beneficial adaptations produce more offspring on average than do other individuals
Natural Selection
Four main principles to the theory of natural selection
2) Overproduction
3)Adaptation
4)Descent with modification
The theory that staes that natural disasters such as floods and volcanic erutptions have happened often during Earth´s long history
Catastrophism
What are 4 ways molecular and genetic evidence support fossil and anatomical evidence
DNA sequence analysis
Pseudogenes
Homeobox genes
Protein comparisons