A
"This chapter explores how emergent bilingual children and youth engage in everyday forms of translanguaging within the context of classroom interactions."
What is Chapter 10?
"An English translation of the Welsh term trawsiethu, which was first coined in the 1980s by Welsh Educator and bilingual activist Cel Williams."
What is translanguaging?
They are like beans.
What is a Lenteja?
What is translanguaging?
"The alternation of two distinct languages."
What is code-switching?
This phenomenon is often disrupted by bilingual students when using translanguaging during instructional and social settings in the classroom.
What are linguistic boundaries?
Referring to the first scenario, as Ramon approaches the science center, Samantha turns to him and says, "____!"
What is the word Mister?
"A category of students who are explicitly stigmatized, actively discouraged, and effectively restricted by policies and practices of language separation."
Who are bilinguals/ELLS/EBs/DLLs?
No sooner had the Trump administration taken office than _____ ______ began the process of repealing the Obama-era regulatory guidance around ESSA implementation.
Who are the Republican lawmakers?
"The reauthorization of this act marked an unprecedented step towards greater accountability for meeting the needs of those emergent bilingual students officially classified as English-Learners."
What is the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)?
A category of students who are not thought to translanguage, therefore, are allowed to do so without sanction.
Who are monolinguals?
This type of program is proliferating nationwide and there is a growing body of research suggesting that such programs lead to better long-term academic outcomes for EBs.
What are Dual language bilingual programs?
A central Texan school in a large urban area, where a first-grade classroom was studied.
What is School#2 English-Only school?
What is School #1 the dual language school?
A public elementary school in central Texas where a fifth-grade classroom was studied.
What is the English-Only school#3?