1
the English language uses about _______ different sounds
43
The text defines cognition as
mental activity associated with thinking, know, remembering, and communicating information
Deaf children who are NOT exposed to sign language until they are teenagers
Never become as fluent as those who learned to sign at a younger age
Reported racial gaps in average intelligence scores are most likely due to
Environmental factors
The test created by Alfred Binet was designed specifically to
Predict school performance in children
Who first proposed that children are born with an innate capacity for language?
Noam Chomsky
Confirmation bias refers to the tendency to
search randomly through alternative solutions when problem solving
A 6-year-old child has a mental age of 9. Using the original formula, the child's IQ would be
150
The bell-shaped pattern of intelligence scores in the general population is called a
normal curve
If a test designed to indicate which applicants are likely to perform the best on the job fails to do so, the test has
Low predictive validity
___ is the first stage of language development.
Babbling
Which of the following is NOT true of babbling?
It is imitation of adult speech
Standardization refers to the process of
Defining meaningful scores relative to a representative pretested group
If you want to be absolutely certain that you will find the solution to a problem you know is solvable, you should use
An algorithm
The formula for the intelligence quotient was devised by
William Stern
The idea that a person's language influences his or her thoughts is referred to as
Linguistic relativity
Which of the following best describes Chomsky's view of language development?
Humans have a biological predisposition to acquire language
Which of the following best describes the relationship between creativity and aptitude
A certain level of aptitude is necessary but not sufficient for creativity
Telegraphic speech is typical of the ___ stage.
Two-word
Damage to ___ will usually cause a person to lose the ability to understand language
Wernicke's area
When a child speaks in sentences but leaves out articles, prepositions, and parts of verbs, they are exhibiting
Telegraphic speec
The chimpanzee Sultan used a short stick to pull a longer stick that was out of reach into his cage. He then used the longer stick to reach a piece of fruit. Researchers hypothesized that Sultan's discovery of the solution to his problem was the result of
Insight
Cross-sectional research
Is used for studying social development during infancy
Children first demonstrate a rudimentary understanding of syntax during the ___ stage
Two-word
A person's accumulation of stored information, called ___ intelligence, generally ___ with age
Fluid; Decreases