DNA
during semiconservative replication what happens? include each step
parental strands of DNA separate, serve as templates, and produce DNA molecules that have one strand of parental DNA and one strand of new DNA
Definition of RNA
a nucleic acid similar to DNA, but with the sugar ribose, and with uracil instead of thymine
Gene regulation is the ability of an organism to control which genes are transcribed in response to the ____________
environment
what is considered the smallest mutation
point mutation
gene regulation
the ability of an organism to control which genes are transcribed in response to the environment
3 stage of semiconservative replication
unwinding, base pairing, and joining
Omar gets a recipe for muffin but it's in pig latin. based on the muffin chart that we saw in class what RNA might he use to decipher the pig latin?
tRNA
Prokaryotic cells use ________ for gene regulation
operons
what is two ways a section of chromosomes can be arranged or lost
deletion, duplication, inversion, translocation
exons
DNA sequences that remain in the final mRNA
lagging strand is built discontinuously in small segment called
Okazaki fragments
what is the role of ribosome
to provide a site for porting synthesis
what are all the things that an operon contains?
operator, promoter, regulatory gene, and genes coding for proteins
a mutation somebody would not have if they don't react well to diary goods
lactose tolerant
translation
when the mRNA code is read and translated into a protein
What does DNA stand for? (perfect spelling)
deoxyribonucleic acid
what did the beadle and Tatum experiment show
that one gene codes for one enzyme
mutations in these genes can cause body parts to grow in the wrong location, such as legs instead of antennae in fruit flies
what are hox genes
What are the 3 categories of mutations
point mutations, frameshift mutations, and chromosomal mutations
define operon
a section of DNA that contain the genes for the proteins needed for a specific metabolic pathways.
DNA polymerase removes the _______ and fills in the place with _________
(write whole answer down)
DNA polymerase removes the RNA primer and fills in the place with DNA nucleotides.
name all types of Ribonucleic acids (no abbreviations)
messenger Ribonucleic acid, ribosomal Ribonucleic acid, and transfer Ribonucleic acid
name the two transcription factors (no abbreviations)
complexes regulatory
this type of mutation DNA codes for the wrong amino acid
what is missense mutation
mutagen
Certain chemicals and radiation that can damage DNA