Expertise
Experts are often better performers than novices because they have larger, more chunked ____of knowledge.
Schemas
True or False. By definition, a creative idea is novel and ______.
Useful
Every problem contains an initial state, a goal state, and these.
obstacles?
Persisting with an old solution when a better one is available is known as _____.
mental set.
It occurs suddenly. "Aha!"
Insight Problem
Grandmasters remember game positions on a chess board far better than random positions because game positions make sense of our ______.
Chunks
Fill in the blank. Coming up with many solutions to a problem is called ______ thinking.
Divergent Thinking
When information on categories is organized by rows and columns you have a ______.
Matrix
Believing that a box used to hold thumbtacks can only be used for that purpose is an example of _____.
functional fixedness.
A person will typically solve this problem little by little by applying logic.
What is a noninsight problem?
Physics problem solvers think about these instead of the obvious things listed in the problem.
structural features
True or False. Creativity has been linked to activation in only the right hemisphere of the brain.
False
A diagram that displays categorized choices fanning out is called a ______ diagram.
Hierarchical tree diagram
The most famous example of demonstrating functional fixedness is the _____.
candle problem.
Studies indicate that those with larger _____ help them solve insight problems faster.
What is working memory?
Pros are much better than amateurs at rebounding from this.
error/mistake
Fill in the blank. Doing a task because you enjoy it is called _____ motivation.
intrinsic motivation.
When you change a problem into another form you are _____ the problem.
Representing
When an individual believes that their intelligence can't be changed, they are exhibiting a _____ mindset.
fixed
Metcalfe found that confidence on insight problems generally ___________.
What is increases before suddenly dropping at the solution?
True or False: An expert in one field is usually an expert in most other fields.
False
What did researchers discover predicted creativity because it helped foster intrinsic motivation? ___________
self-efficacy.
The chapter suggests people who have greater capacity in this area of memory can develop better problem representations. What is the area of memory?
Working memory
Both mental set and functional fixedness were provided as examples of overusing _____.
top-down processing.
Examples include the Sahara Desert problem and Triangle Problem.
Insight Problems