Vocab 1
Define invest
To put money into something offering a potential profit
What is a citizen?
A person born or naturalized into a country, who is entitled to the rights provided by its government
What was iron ore used to produce?
Iron ore was used to produce steel
What 2 ways did lumberjacks transport logs?
1. Barges and boats down the river
2. Railroad cars
What great Minnesota town became a rail and shipping center for lumber and other products?
Duluth
Who are the working class?
Option 1: People who work for hourly wages, usually in jobs that require physical labor
Option 2: Poorer citizens, who were often immigrants, that worked taxing jobs usually requiring physical labor
What is an industry?
A certain branch of business that provides a certain product or service
1. Good soil to grow the wheat
2. Rivers to power the mills
What group of immigrant workers comprised most of the iron ore mines?
Of all the foreign born immigrant groups that worked in Minnesota's iron mines, the largest was the Finns.
What is a boom town?
A boom town is a town that experienced rapid economic and industrial growth. One example of this is Duluth MN, which grew from a 100 person town to a trading hub of the upper midwest.
What is a strike?
A refusal to work in order to force an employer to agree to demands
What is an industrialist?
An owner or manager of a large business or industry
What was the name of the large natural accumulation of iron in Minnesota and where is it located?
The Great Minnesota Iron Range, also known as the Mesabi Range is one of the largest iron ranges in the world. It is located less than 100 miles from Lake Superior and Duluth, allowing for easy transport throughout the country.
Name 2 of the 3 industrialists, and the industry they were associated with, that we studied in Chapter 11.
Charles Pillsbury - Flour Milling.
Frederick Weyerhauser - Lumber.
Henry Oliver - Iron Mining.
How did the mining companies respond to the first labor strike?
The mining companies brought in temporary workers known as "scabs" and refused to bargain with the union
Rural
Of or relating to the countryside
What does urban mean
of or relating to a city
What 3 main things were needed for the Minnesota industries to succeed?
Hint: think of them like categories
Lumber mills, flour mills, and iron mines all succeeded due to a combination of people, natural resources, and machines
What did children do in the late 1800s to help out their families?
In the late 1800s, many children got jobs (often with unsafe working conditions) in order to help support their family financialy
List 1 hardship or danger that iron miners faced
Dangers:
1. Mineshaft collapse
2. Gas and dust
Hardships:
1. up to 14 hour days
2. Paid by ore collected
What is industrialization?
Option 1: The process of developing large-scale mechanical factories
Option 2: The development of industries in a country or region on a wide scale
What is a labor union?
An organization of workers that strives to get workers better rights, wages, and working conditions
Describe the 3 steps for the flour mills to produce flour
1. Grow the wheat
3. Grind the wheat into flour
4. Purify the flour
What did the immigrants who moved to Minnesota in the late 1800s contribute?
The immigrants who moved to Minnesota in the late 1800s brought with them food, culture, traditions, language, and a large populace that bolstered the Minnesota workforce. They formed their own neighborhoods and drastically shaped the Minnesota we have today.
What were 2 common goals of labor unions at the time?
1. Reduced workdays/workweeks
2. Limit or end child labor
3. A minimum wage set by law
4. Safe and clean workplace
5. Paid leave
6. Workplace injury compensation