Digestion
Which type of digestion uses structures to crush and grind food into small particles?
mechanical digestion
What is an animal that feeds on plants called?
herbivore
What might an ectotherm do if it becomes too hot or cold?
move to another location
a muscular organ for mechanical digestion found in earthworms and birds
gizzard
an organ that aids in digestion and absorbing nutrients
intestine
Which system transports nutrients and gases throughout an animal's body?
circulatory system
Some vertebrates have no lungs and respire completely through their skin. (True or False)
True
What animal has a hydrostatic skeleton?
jellyfish
An animal takes in food and expels undigested waste through the same opening. What kind of digestive system does it have?
an incomplete digestive system
What are animals that are caught and eaten by other animals called?
prey
What are the things the body must keep in balance in order to maintain homeostasis?
temperature, amount of water, minerals, oxygen, nutrients, wastes, carbon dioxide
tiny openings found along the sides of most insects
spiracles
tiny vessels in circulatory systems that connect arteries and veins
capillaries
Generally, veins carry blood toward the heart, while ___ generally carry blood away from the heart.
arteries
Skeletal muscles only ___ the skeleton; they never ___.
pull...push
Which type of skeleton allows animals to support more weight? (exoskeletons or endoskeletons)
endoskeletons
Why do tapeworms not need any digestive organs?
Tapeworms are parasites that live in the digestive tracts of other animals. They are surrounded by digested food and do not require digestion themselves.
Which organism has bacteria or protists living in its gut to break down wood?
termite
What do invertebrates use to collect and expel waste?
excretory tubules
special cells that collect information and carry nerve impulses
neurons
a branching network of tubes used fore respiration
tracheae
Which vertebrates have two chambered hearts?
fish
What structures allow a bird's lungs to receive fresh oxygen when it breathes in and when it breaths out?
air sacs
What are the tough bands of tissue that hold the bones of an endoskeleton together called?
ligaments
How do tapworms obtain food?
Tapeworms absorb nutrients directly through their skin.
How do sponges obtain energy?
They filter microscopic particles from the water.
The neurons of most animals are bundled together into larger structures called ___.
nerves
a blood-like fluid found in animals with open circulatory systems
hemolymph
a muscle used by mammals to draw air into the lungs
diaphragm
A two-chambered heart has (a single pathway/separate pathways) for blood traveling to the lungs and blood traveling to the rest of the body.
single pathway
How can an organism that cannot move from place to place be described?
sessile
What type of support system also acts as a reserve of important minerals?
endoskeleton
Most people don't eat insects because they aren't a good source of nutrition. (True or False)
False
What are animals the eat dead animals called?
scavengers
Which simple nervous system allows an animal to have a limted ability for control and response in its environment?
nerve net
threadlike structures that increase the surface area of gills
filaments
mandibles
An animal with a closed circulatory system uses a muscular ___ to pump blood through closed ___.
heart...vessels
How would an insecticide that clogs locusts' spiracles be effective in controlling the locust population?
The locusts would not be able to take in oxygen or expel carbon dioxide. Without gas exhange the locusts would die.
An eagle spots a chipmunk below and decides to capture it. Order the following structures to show the path of nerve impulses as the eagle flexes its wings: brain, muscle, nerve, spinal cord.
1) brain
2) spinal cord
3) nerve
4) muscle