11.1 and 11.2
What outside factors restrict decision makers?
-not knowing all information
-emotional ties
-resources
Evidence is used to ______ a decision whenever the evidence is gathered or modified for the sole purpose of lending legitimacy to a decision that has already been made.
Support
What are the Four Decision-Making Styles
Analytical Style, Conceptual Style, Directive Style, Behavioral Style
Name 2 advantages of Group Decision Making
•Large knowledge pool
•Diversity in approaches
•Commitment to decision
•Better understanding of decision rationale
•Visible role modeling
What is: the process of producing new and useful ideas concerning products, services, processes, and procedures?
Creativity
What is the difference between system 1 and system 2?
System 1 is the initial automatic reaction while system 2 takes more thought and emotions can cloud judgment.
Evidence is used to ______ a decision whenever the decision process combines hard, objective facts with qualitative inputs
Inform
Define Analytical Style
have a low tolerance for ambiguity and are oriented toward task and technical concerns when making decisions
Name 2 disadvantages of Decision Making
•Social pressures
•Potential for few participants to be dominant
•Goal displacement (secondary goals)
•Groupthink
What do Creative Performance Drivers influence?
Creative Performance Behaviors
Do managers always make rational decisions?
No
Evidence is used to ______ a decision whenever the decision follows directly from the evidence.
Make
Define Behavioral Style
is the most people-oriented of the four. People with this style work well with others and enjoy social interactions in which opinions are openly exchanged.
What are the three problem solving techniques discussed in Chapter 11?
Brainstorming
The Delphi Technique
Decision Support Systems (DSS)
What two factors make up the Creative Performance Drivers?
Personal Factors and Situational Factors
Name the four stages of rational decision making
Identify the problem or opportunity, generate alternative solutions, evaluate alternatives and select a solution, implement and evaluate the solution chosen.
Who is responding to the need of people with analytical skills?
Universities
Define conceptual style
have a high tolerance for ambiguity and tend to focus on the people or social aspects of a work situation.
What is the definition of Groupthink and provide an example?
“a mode of thinking that people engage in when they are deeply involved in a cohesive in-group, when members’ strivings for unanimity override their motivation to realistically appraise alternative courses of action.”
Kraft
Name 3 decision making biases.
-confirmation bias
-overconfidence bias
-availability bias
-representative bias
-anchoring bias
-hindsight bias
-framing bias
-escalation of commitment bias
By 2020, the increase of information from 2010 is what percent?
50%
Define directive style
have a low tolerance for ambiguity and are oriented toward task and technical concerns when making decisions
Name three symptoms that lead to Groupthinking
1.Invulnerability
2.Inherent morality
3.Rationalization
4.Stereotyped views of opposition
5.Self-censorship
6.Illusion of unanimity
7.Peer Pressure
8.Mindguards
List the order of the Creative Model (Performance Behaviors, Drivers of Performance Behaviors, Creativity).
1.) Drivers of Performance Behaviors
2.) Performance Behaviors
3.) Creativity