Kohlberg Basics
This is the name of Kohlberg's first level of moral development.
Preconventional level
A child shares her snack so the teacher will praise her.
Stage 3 - Good girl/good boy
Gilligan argued Kohlberg overlooked this gender’s moral voice.
This emotion occurs when you feel bad for harming someone.
Guilt
Behavior intended to help others.
Prosocial behavior
At this level, rules are followed to maintain social order.
Conventional level
A teen returns a lost wallet because “it’s the rule.”
Stage 4 - Law and Order
Gilligan said girls value this more than justice.
Care/relationships
Feeling someone else’s emotions is called this.
Empathy
Intentional behavior that hurts or destroys.
Antisocial behavior
This stage is motivated by the desire to avoid punishment.
Stage 1 - Obedience and Punishment
A person speeds up to avoid getting ticketed by the camera.
Stage 1 - Obedience and Punishment
The belief that different people have different responsibilities toward one another.
Ethic of care
This moral emotion is tied to social approval and shame.
Shame
Bullying is an example of this type of behavior.
Aggression
This is the highest level of moral reasoning.
Postconventional level
A protester breaks a law they believe is unjust to protect human rights.
Stage 6 - Universal Ethical Principles
Gilligan claimed women’s moral reasoning prioritizes this key concept over rules.
Connectedness/relationships
The ability to understand another person’s viewpoint.
Perspective-taking
Volunteering with no expectation of reward.
Altruism
This stage values universal ethical principles even over the law.
Stage 6 - Universal Ethical Principles
Someone donates anonymously because it is the morally right thing to do, not for recognition.
Stage 5/6 - Postconventional (Principled reasoning)
What Gilligan called the moral orientation based on relationships and care.
The care orientation
An emotion that motivates us to repair the harm we caused.
Remorse
Persisting in helping even when it is difficult or costly.
Moral courage / altruistic commitment