Measurements and Assessments
Assessments
Clients
Blood Pressure
Circumferences and Skinfolds
100

The standard Jackson and Pollock 3-Site protocol for women requires skinfold measurements at which of the following sites?              

  • Triceps, abdomen, and thigh                 
  • Chest, suprailiac, and abdomen
  • Abdomen, thigh, and suprailiac
  • Suprailiac, thigh, and triceps

Suprailiac, thigh, and triceps                       

  • For the Jackson and Pollock 3-site measurement protocol, women are assessed at the triceps, suprailiac, and thigh.
100
  • An individual's current level of physical activity, age, and weight
  • An individual's habits related to exercise, diet, and sleep
  • An individual's current level of physical activity, the presence of signs and symptoms of disease, and the individual's desired exercise intensity
  • An individual's desired exercise intensity, body composition, and gender

An individual's current level of physical activity, the presence of signs and symptoms of disease, and the individual's desired exercise intensity      

  • The PAR-Q+ and preparticipation process uncover whether a client is ready to undertake an increase in physical activity.      
100

If Joe takes a 6-second heart rate count on his client and notes 8 beats, what would his client’s heart rate be?                   

 

  • 72 beats per minute       
  • 80 beats per minute       
  • 66 beats per minute       
  • 64 beats per minute

 


80 beats per minute           

  • The client's heart rate would be 80 beats per minute if Joe takes a 6-second heart rate count on his client and notes 8 beats.
100

In most individuals, to what pressure is the blood pressure cuff inflated when measuring resting blood pressure?           

  • The cuff is inflated to a value of 20 to 30 mm Hg above the point at which the pulse can no longer be felt at the wrist.
  • The cuff is inflated to a value 70 to 80 mm Hg above the point at which the pulse can no longer be felt at the wrist.    
  • The cuff is inflated to a value 45 to 55 mm Hg above the point at which the pulse can no longer be felt at the wrist.    
  • The cuff is inflated to a value 5 to 10 mm Hg above the point at which the pulse can no longer be felt at the wrist.

The cuff is inflated to a value of 20 to 30 mm Hg above the point at which the pulse can no longer be felt at the wrist.        

  • To take blood pressure, the cuff would be inflated to 20 to 30 mm Hg above the point at which the pulse can no longer be felt at the wrist.         
100

How many skinfold sites are measured when determining body composition using the Durnin-Womersley protocol?                  

  • Six
  • Four         
  • Seven       
  • Three

Four           

  • The Durnin-Womersley protocol consists of four sites: biceps, triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac. This is the case for both men and women.     
200

From the list of assessments provided, which should be conducted first to preserve its validity?                 

  • Cardiorespiratory fitness          
  • Muscular fitness 
  • Flexibility
  • Body composition

Body composition               

  • Fitness assessments that do not require physical exertion, such as the measurement of resting heart rate, blood pressure, or body composition, should always be conducted prior to more vigorous fitness assessments that measure aerobic fitness, strength, or power output.
200

What is a body composition assessment technique that estimates body fat percentage by measuring the resistance to the flow of electrical currents introduced into the body?

  • A. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)
  • B. Skinfold measurements
  • C. Anthropometry
  • D. Body mass index (BMI)

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)        

  • BIA, or bioelectrical impedance analysis, is a body composition assessment technique that estimates body fat percentage by measuring the resistance to the flow of electrical currents introduced into the body.    
200

What is Bernadette’s waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) if she is measured with a waist circumference of 28 inches and a hip circumference of 33 inches?                      

 

  • 1.18          
  • 1.04          
  • 0.97          
  • 0.85

 


0.85                       

  • The waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) is calculated by taking the waist measurement and dividing that number by the hip measurement. In this instance, you would take 28 inches and divide it by 33 to get 0.85.
200

What interventions are suggested for an individual with a resting blood pressure of 134/86 mm Hg?                    

  • None are needed, as this value is considered normal (i.e., maintenance is suggested).      
  • Some lifestyle changes coupled with some medical monitoring       
  • Lifestyle changes alone  
  • Medical monitoring coupled with medications to lower blood pressure
  • Some lifestyle changes coupled with some medical monitoring       

This value falls in the stage 1 hypertension classification, which recommends lifestyle changes and medical monitoring.

200

Which of the following statements defines the chest skinfold location for men?                      

  • A diagonal fold, 1 to 2 centimeters below the inferior angle of the scapula 
  • A diagonal fold taken immediately superior to and in line with the natural angle of the iliac crest (top portion of the hip bone), aligned with the anterior axillary line  
  • A diagonal fold taken half the distance between the anterior axillary line and the nipple 
  • A vertical fold taken on the mid-axillary line at the level of the xiphoid process (which is typically just below the nipple line).
  • A diagonal fold taken half the distance between the anterior axillary line and the nipple     

A chest measurement for men would be a diagonal skinfold taken half the distance between the anterior axillary line (armpit) and the nipple.

300

Which of the following intensities best represents VT2 during the incremental test protocol?                      

  • When the individual responds with "no" when asked, “Can you speak competently?”      
  • When the individual responds with "yes" when asked, “Can you speak competently?”     
  • When the individual says it is "somewhat easy" to talk during the activity 
  • When the individual says it is "challenging" to speak during the activity
  • When the individual responds with "no" when asked, “Can you speak competently?”         

VT2 corresponds with an individual’s inability to speak during exercise. In other words, at this level of intensity, the individual cannot verbally respond to a question or responds “no” to the question, "Can you speak competently?"

300

Which of the following is the initial assessment that should be completed prior to starting any exercise or training program?                

  • Postural assessment      
  • Cardiorespiratory assessment  
  • Health risk assessment  
  • Anthropometric assessment

 


Health risk assessment       

  • The health risk assessment is a vital first step in the preparticipation screening process.       
300

In which BMI category would you classify Vincent if he has a BMI of 27?                     

  • Healthy weight   
  • Obese       
  • Class II obesity   
  • Overweight

Overweight            

  • BMI between 25.0 and 29.9 would be considered overweight.
300

How can systolic blood pressure be defined?                   

  • The pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when the heart is contracting; the first (top) number recorded        
  • The pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when the heart is at rest or between beats; the second (bottom) number recorded 
  • The measurement of the number of times a heart beats within a specified time period (usually 1 minute)       
  • The action of expanding the diameter of a blood vessel near the surface of the skin, which helps remove heat from the body.
  • The pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when the heart is contracting; the first (top) number recorded      

Systolic blood pressure is the pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when the heart is contracting; it is the first (top) number recorded.

300

Where is it most common to take an individual's circumference measurement to assess health risk?                

  • Waist       
  • Hips         
  • Thigh       
  • Arm
  • Waist         

The most commonly used circumference measure is the waist circumference; as a standalone, it can be used to assess health risk.

400

Which of the following is not a component that needs to be considered when planning a VT1 test?             

  • Exercise modality           
  • Duration of each stage   
  • Talk test  
  • Environmental temperature

Environmental temperature                       

  • Environmental temperature is not a factor that would need to be considered during the VT1 test.
400

What would not be a reason to terminate an exercise test?                    

  • The individual chooses to stop or requests to stop the test being administered.    
  • Any malfunction or failure of any exercise or testing equipment.    
  • Visible signs of unusual or excessive fatigue, shortness of breath, or a wheezing type of breath that is not typical of intense exercise.  
  • The individual is tired from the test.                

The individual is tired from the test.                       

  • The individual will most likely be tired from the test, but that does not merit immediate termination of the test.
400

In which BMI category would you classify Mary if she has a BMI of 17.5?                     

  • Healthy weight   
  • Underweight       
  • Obese       
  • Class II obesity
  • Underweight          

BMI that falls below 18.5 is considered underweight.

400

How can diastolic blood pressure be defined?                  

  • The pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when the heart is contracting; the first (top) number recorded        
  • The measurement of the number of times a heart beats within a specified time period (usually 1 minute)       
  • The action of expanding the diameter of a blood vessel near the surface of the skin, which helps remove heat from the body.
  • The pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when the heart is at rest or between beats; the second (bottom) number recorded

The pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when the heart is at rest or between beats; the second (bottom) number recorded                 

  • Diastolic blood pressure is the pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when the heart is at rest or between beats; it is the second (bottom) number recorded.
400

Which of the following is a recommendation when assessing skinfold measurements?          

  • Take skinfold measurements immediately after exercise.     
  • Do not open the jaw of the caliper before removing it from the site.
  • Take a minimum of two measurements at each site; each measurement must be within 1 to 2 mm to take an average at each site.          
  • Do not give clients prior instructions about measurement protocol, as this can skew results.     
  • Take a minimum of two measurements at each site; each measurement must be within 1 to 2 mm to take an average at each site. 

Proper skinfold assessments require a minimum of two measurements at each site; each measurement must be within 1 to 2 mm to take an average for that site.

500

What principle is hydrostatic underwater weighing based upon?                   

  • All-or-nothing principle
  • Principle of specificity   
  • Davis's principle 
  • Archimedes' principle

Archimedes' principle                     

  • Archimedes’ principle is a physical law of buoyancy. It is the assumption that the volume of fluid displaced is equivalent to the volume of an object fully immersed in that fluid or to the specific fraction of the volume below the surface.
500

What term refers to the ability of a test to produce consistent and repeatable results?          

  • Relevance
  • Reliability
  • Validity    
  • Appropriateness
  • Reliability   

Reliability refers to the ability of tests to produce consistent and repeatable results.      

500

Which test would you select as the most appropriate when attempting to measure the overall fitness level of a fit college-aged athlete who competes on the school’s rugby team?      

  • The 1.5-mile (2.4-km) run test 
  • YMCA 3-minute step test           
  • Rockport 1-mile walk test         
  • The talk test
  • The 1.5-mile (2.4-km) run test         

This assessment is appropriate for population groups that are more fit. It measures a client's aerobic endurance.

500

Into which category would a resting blood pressure score of 128/86 mm Hg fall?                  

  • Elevated  
  • Normal    
  • Stage 1 hypertension     
  • Stage 2 hypertension

Elevated     

  • A resting blood pressure score of 128/86 mm Hg would fall within the elevated classification. Elevated blood pressure is considered a systolic blood pressure of 120 to 129 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure <80 mm Hg.         
500

Which skinfold sites are measured if determining body composition via the Durnin-Womersley protocol?            

  • Triceps, abdomen, mid-axillary, and suprailiac          
  • Triceps, subscapular, chest, and thigh 
  • Biceps, triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac    
  • Biceps, mid-axillary, subscapular, and chest   
  • Biceps, triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac 

The Durnin-Womersley protocol measures the thickness of skinfolds at four different places (biceps, triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac) on the body to estimate body fat percentage.

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