11.1
What is the process of forming new cells called?
Cell division
How is DNA packaged inside of cells?
Chromosomes
What word means "programmed cell death"?
Apoptosis
What is the process by which cells become specialized?
Differentiation
What must a cell do before it can divide?
Replicate its DNA
What is reproduction where only 1 parent is involved and produces genetically identical offspring?
Asexual
During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell grow?
Interphase
What is a mass of cancer cells called?
A tumor
Which type of stem cell can develop into any body cell including the extra embryonic tissue and placenta?
Totipotent stem cells
What is a benefit of asexual reproduction?
Efficiency
What is a benefit to reproducing sexually?
Increased genetic diverstiy
During which phase of the cell cycle does the nucleus divide?
Mitosis
What type of proteins regulate the timing of the cell cycle?
Cyclins
Which type of stem cells are adult stem cells that can replace cells that frequently die like skin or blood?
Multipotent stem cells
In plant cells, what forms between the two dividing cells during cytokinesis?
A cell plate
True or False: Cells function best with a large surface area to volume ratio.
True! More surface area to less volume is ideal for efficient transport of materials across the cell membrane
During which phase of the cell cycle does the cytoplasm split?
Cytokinesis
What type of external regulators stimulate cell growth and division?
Growth factors
What type of stem cells are able to form any body cell but not able to form the extra embryonic tissue or placenta?
Pluripotent stem cells
Sister chromatids are attached to each other at an area known as the _.
Centromere
What are the 2 main reasons cells divide rather than continuing to grow larger?
1. Efficiency of moving nutrients and waste across the membrane
2. DNA demands
During which phase of interphase is DNA replicated?
S phase
Why is hair loss a common side effect of chemotherapy?
Most chemotherapy drugs target rapidly dividing cells, healthy or not
What are iPS cells and why are they an important discovery?
induced pluripotent stem cells - they solve the ethical problems that can make embryonic stem cell research controversial
The rate at which materials enter or leave a cell depends on a cell's _.
Surface area